Biogenic amines and hygienic quality of lucerne silage

• Published in: Open life sciences Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 280 - 286
• Main Authors: Mlejnkova, Veronika, Horky, Pavel, Kominkova, Marketa, Skladanka, Jiri, Hodulikova, Lucia, Adam, Vojtech, Mlcek, Jiri, Jurikova, Tunde, Sochor, Jiri
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: De Gruyter Open 01.01.2016; De Gruyter
• Subjects: health safety; microorganisms; silage additives
• ISSN: 2391-5412; 2391-5412
• DOI: 10.1515/biol-2016-0037

This experiment examined the influence of two different silage additives of biological ( , enzyme xylanase) and chemical (43% formic acid, 30% ammonium formate, 10% propionic acid, 2% benzoic acid) types on biogenic amines concentration, nutrient content, fermentation process, and microbiologic indicators in lucerne ( ) silage after 90 days of fermentation. The biological additive significantly (P < 0.05) increased putrescine (+51%), lactic acid (+11%) and protein content (+11%) in comparison with control silage. It significantly decreased cadaverine (−29%), histamine (−57%), spermidine (−15%), spermine (−55%), acetic acid (−40%), ethanol (−55%), ammonium (−25%) and ash (−9%). After the chemical-additive treatment, greater amounts of histamine and tyramine were recorded. Significant decrease was observed in the concentrations of putrescine (−18%), cadaverine (−55%), spermidine (−47%), spermine (−45%), lactic acid (−16%), acetic acid (−46%), ammonium (−59%), ash (−13%) and fat (−24%). Populations of bacteria associated with lactic acid fermentation, moulds, yeasts, enterobacteria and total microorganisms count were also influenced. Both biological and chemical additives can be highly recommended for producing high-quality silages meeting hygienic requirements. In lucerne silage, the chemical preservative showed a stronger effect in achieving the health safety of silage compared to the biological inoculant.