Origin of a sudden mass occurrence of the stolbur phytoplasma vector Hyalesthes obsoletus (Cixiidae) in Austria
The grapevine disease ‘bois noir’ is widespread in European viticulture, but in many regions there is a lack of correspondence between disease spread and abundance of the main insect vector, the planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus. This was the situation in Austria until 2012, when a mass occurrence of...
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Published in | Annals of applied biology Vol. 165; no. 3; pp. 488 - 495 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.11.2014
Blackwell Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The grapevine disease ‘bois noir’ is widespread in European viticulture, but in many regions there is a lack of correspondence between disease spread and abundance of the main insect vector, the planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus. This was the situation in Austria until 2012, when a mass occurrence of the vector was observed on Urtica dioica, a new host plant for the vector and reservoir plant for the pathogen, stolbur phytoplasma, in this area. Here we analyse the origin of the Austrian vector populations using genetic markers. The origin was unambiguously assigned to two regional populations, and two causes for the population expansion: immigration of East Central European populations and local demographic expansion. The observed population increase was thus independent of phylogenetic ancestry, but linked to the host plant and the exchange of a specific stolbur phytoplasma strain between the two vector populations. These circumstances are identical to but independent of the emergence of bois noir west of the European Alps, where an exchange between other vector populations associated with U. dioica of another stolbur phytoplasma genotype has led to disease outbreaks. Combined, the independent outbreaks in Austria and Europe west of the Alps are suggestive of an active role for stolbur phytoplasma in the vector–plant interaction and thus the host distribution of the vector. |
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Bibliography: | ark:/67375/WNG-N9QC5616-N Stiftung Rheinland-Pfalz für Innovation istex:BA5FE4BEEF99FC4178F055B08A5EDE08D5A45FBC ArticleID:AAB12158 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0003-4746 1744-7348 |
DOI: | 10.1111/aab.12158 |