An Observational Prospective Cohort Study of Vaccine Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection of an Aerosolized, Inhaled Adenovirus Type 5–Vectored Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Given as a Second Booster Dose in Guangzhou City, China

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 229; no. 1; pp. 117 - 121
• Main Authors: Wang, Fu-Zhen, Zhang, Chun-Huan, Tang, Lin, Rodewald, Lance E, Wang, Wen, Liu, Si-Yu, Wang, Wen-Ji, Wu, Dan, Liu, Qian-Qian, Wang, Xiao-Qi, Huang, Li-Fang, Huang, Ao-Di, Bao, Li-Ming, Zhang, Zhou-Bin, Yin, Zun-Dong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Oxford University Press 12.01.2024
• Subjects: Adenoviridae - genetics; Adenoviruses; China - epidemiology; Coronaviruses; COVID-19 - prevention & control; COVID-19 Vaccines; Humans; Prospective Studies; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Vaccine Efficacy; China; Guangzhou China; inhaled Ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine; second booster; Omicron; relative effectiveness; China
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad338

Abstract Using a prospective, observational cohort study during the post–“dynamic COVID-zero” wave in China, we estimated short-term relative effectiveness against Omicron BA.5 infection of inhaled aerosolized adenovirus type 5–vectored ancestral strain coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine as a second booster dose approximately 1 year after homologous boosted primary series of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine compared with no second booster. Participants reported nucleic acid or antigen test results weekly until they tested positive or completed predesignated follow-up. After excluding participants infected <14 days after study entry, relative effectiveness among the 6576 participants was 61% in 18- to 59-year-olds and 38% in ≥60-year-olds and was sustained for 12 weeks. In a real-world study during China's large SARS-CoV-2 BA.5 variant epidemic wave, effectiveness against actively monitored infection of an inhaled adenovirus type 5–vectored COVID-19 vaccine was 61% in 18- to 59-year-olds and 38% in ≥60-year-olds and was sustained for 12 weeks.