Evaluation of a Peroxide-Based Algaecide for Cyanobacteria Control: A Mesocosm Trial in Lake Okeechobee, FL, USA

• Published in: Water (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 2; p. 169
• Main Authors: Pokrzywinski, Kaytee L., Bishop, West M., Grasso, Christopher R., Fernando, Brianna M., Sperry, Benjamen P., Berthold, David E., Laughinghouse, Haywood Dail, Van Goethem, Erika M., Volk, Kaitlin, Heilman, Mark, Getsinger, Kurt D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.01.2022
• Subjects: Algicides; Analysis; Biomass; Chlorophyll; Closed ecological systems; Community structure; Cyanobacteria; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Evaluation; harmful algal bloom management; Herbicides; Hydrogen peroxide; Indicators; Lakes; Mesocosms; peroxide-based algaecide; Phytoplankton; Polyvinyl chloride; Rivers; RNA; rRNA 16S; Water quality; Waterways; Florida; Germany; United States > US; Lake Okeechobee
• ISSN: 2073-4441; 2073-4441
• DOI: 10.3390/w14020169

A 72 h small-scale trial was conducted in enclosed mesocosms in the Lake Okeechobee waterway to evaluate the effectiveness of a USEPA-registered peroxide-based algaecide (formulated as sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate) for controlling a natural cyanobacteria population. Mesocosms were initially subjected to either no algaecide or the maximum label rate of 10 mg H2O2·L−1. A subset of mesocosms were then subjected to a sequential application of 5 mg H2O2·L−1 at 48 h after initial treatment. Following application, peroxide concentrations rapidly decreased and were undetectable by 48 h. At 24 h after treatment, significant decreases in all biomass indicators were observed (compared to untreated mesocosms), including extracted chlorophyll a, microscopic counts (total phytoplankton and total cyanobacteria), and cyanobacteria-specific 16S rRNA gene copies by over 71%. Although peroxide treatment reduced cyanobacteria biomass, there was no change in overall community structure and the remaining population was still dominated by cyanobacteria (>90%). After 48 h exposure, some biomass recovered in single application mesocosms resulting in only a 32–45% reduction in biomass. Repeated peroxide dosing resulted in the greatest efficacy, which had a sustained (60–91%) decrease in all biomass indicators for the entire study. While a single application of the peroxide was effective in the first 24 h, a sequential treatment is likely necessary to sustain efficacy when using this approach to manage cyanobacteria in the field. Results of this study support that this peroxide-based algaecide is a strong candidate to continue with scalable field trials to assess its potential future utility for operational management programs in the Lake Okeechobee waterway.