Open Psychiatric Services in Interwar France

The open psychiatric service established in Paris by Édouard Toulouse was meant to provide early, active psychiatric treatment to mildly afflicted individuals without subjecting them to legal commitment. Psychiatric reformers also hoped that the service would help to raise the status of psychiatry b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inHistory of psychiatry Vol. 15; no. 2; pp. 131 - 153
Main Author Thomas, Gregory M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi SAGE Publications 01.06.2004
Subjects
Community Mental Health Services - history
France
History of medicine
History, 20th Century
Neurocognitive Disorders - history
Patients - history
Portraits as Topic - history
Psychiatry - history
Toulouse
France
open service
Édouard Toulouse
history
psychiatry
outpatient
Sainte-Anne
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Summary:The open psychiatric service established in Paris by Édouard Toulouse was meant to provide early, active psychiatric treatment to mildly afflicted individuals without subjecting them to legal commitment. Psychiatric reformers also hoped that the service would help to raise the status of psychiatry by tying their specialty's fate to laboratory science and hospital medicine. This article traces the genesis of open psychiatric services in interwar France and surveys the debates they engendered within the French psychiatric community. It highlights the role of World War I in the implementation of open services and in the creation of a pool of patients who required assistance.
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ISSN:0957-154X
1740-2360
DOI:10.1177/0957154X04039351