Biodegradation and detoxification of phenanthrene in in vitro and in vivo conditions by a newly isolated ligninolytic fungus Coriolopsis byrsina strain APC5 and characterization of their metabolites for environmental safety

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 29; no. 41; pp. 61767 - 61782
• Main Authors: Agrawal, Nikki, Kumar, Vineet, Shahi, Sushil Kumar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.09.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Acidic oxides; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Benzene; Biodegradation; Bioremediation; Carcinogens; Current Trends and Research in Industrial Wastewater Treatment through Bioreactor Approach; Detoxification; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Fruit bodies; Fungi; Germination; Industrial pollution; Liquid chromatography; Metabolites; Phenanthrene; Phenols; Phthalic acid; Phytotoxicity; Plants (botany); Pollutants; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Seed germination; Seeds; Shaking; Teratogenicity; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; PHE degradation; strain APC5; PAHs; In vivo and in vitro study; Phytotoxicity; Ligninolytic enzymes
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15271-w

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are recalcitrant organic pollutants generated from agricultural, industrial, and municipal sources, and their strong carcinogenic and teratogenic properties pose a harmful threat to human beings. The present study deals with the bioremediation of phenanthrene by a ligninolytic fungus, Coriolopsis byrsina (Mont.) Ryvarden strain APC5 (GenBank; KY418163.1), isolated from the fruiting body of decayed wood surface. During the experiment, Coriolopsis byrsina strain APC5 was found as a promising organism for the degradation and detoxification of phenanthrene (PHE) in in vitro and in vivo conditions. Further, HPLC analysis showed that the C. byrsina strain degraded 99.90% of 20 mg/L PHE in in vitro condition, whereas 77.48% degradation of 50 mg/L PHE was reported in in vivo condition. The maximum degradation of PHE was noted 25 °C temperature under shaking flask conditions at pH 6.0. Further, GC-MS analysis of fungal treated samples showed detection of 9,10-Dihydroxy phenanthrene, 2,2-Diphenic acid, phthalic acid, 4-heptyloxy phenol, benzene octyl, and acetic acid anhydride as the metabolic products of degraded PHE. Furthermore, the phytotoxicity evaluation of degraded PHE was observed through the seed germination method using Vigna radiata and Cicer arietinum seeds. The phytotoxicity results showed that the seed germination index and vegetative growth parameters of tested plants were increased in the degraded PHE soil. As results, C. byrsina strain APC5 was found to be a potential and promising organism to degrade and detoxify PHE without showing any adverse effect of their metabolites.