Precision control of the large-scale green synthesis of biodegradable gold nanodandelions as potential radiotheranostics

• Published in: Biomaterials science Vol. 7; no. 11; pp. 472 - 4729
• Main Authors: Chuang, Yao-Chen, Hsia, Yu, Chu, Chia-Hui, Lin, Li-Jie, Sivasubramanian, Maharajan, Lo, Leu-Wei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Royal Society of Chemistry 01.11.2019
• Subjects: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents - metabolism; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Biodegradability; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cellular manufacture; Computed tomography; Dismantling; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Female; Gold; Gold - chemistry; Gold - metabolism; Gold - pharmacology; Humans; Hydroxyl radicals; manufacturing; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Mice; Mice, Nude; nanogold; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms, Experimental - drug therapy; Neoplasms, Experimental - metabolism; Organic chemistry; Particle Size; Radiopharmaceuticals - chemistry; Radiopharmaceuticals - metabolism; Radiopharmaceuticals - pharmacology; Reactive Oxygen Species - analysis; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Singlet oxygen; superoxide anion; surface area; Surface Properties; Synthesis; Theranostic Nanomedicine; Tumor Cells, Cultured; X-radiation
• ISSN: 2047-4830; 2047-4849; 2047-4849
• DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00897g

Herein, we report a new type of biodegradable, high surface-area gold nanodandelions (GNDs). This report possesses important features and some are the first of its kind: (1) the large scale green synthesis of GNDs with high monodispersity and a circa 100% yield with consistent chemistry, manufacturing and controls (CMC); (2) cellular/physiological degradability of GNDs leading to its disassembly into debris, which is indicative of the potential for possible body clearance; (3) precision control of the chemicophysical properties of the GNDs including shape, petal number and size, all can be judiciously fine-tuned by the synthetic parameters; (4) highly efficient radiotheranostics of GNDs encompassing better enhanced computed tomography (CT) contrast and pronounced X-ray induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation than conventional spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNP). It is noteworthy that the GNDs demonstrate a unique combinational effect of radiosensitization (production of superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals) and type II photodynamic interaction (generation of singlet oxygen). Given the above, our reported GNDs are promising in clinical translation as radiotheranostics. Herein, we report a new type of biodegradable, high surface-area gold nanodandelions (GNDs) as potential radiotheranostics.