Chromobacterium violaceum Pathogenicity: Updates and Insights from Genome Sequencing of Novel Chromobacterium Species

is an abundant component of the soil and water microbiota in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. For many years, it was mainly known as a producer of violacein and as a reporter for the discovery of quorum sensing molecules. However, has recently emerged as an important model of an en...

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Published inFrontiers in microbiology Vol. 8; p. 2213
Main Authors Batista, Juliana H, da Silva Neto, José F
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 10.11.2017
Subjects
Microbiology
pathogenicity island
Chromobacterium violaceum
genome sequencing
Chromobacterium species
type III secretion system
comparative genomics
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Summary:is an abundant component of the soil and water microbiota in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. For many years, it was mainly known as a producer of violacein and as a reporter for the discovery of quorum sensing molecules. However, has recently emerged as an important model of an environmental opportunistic pathogen. Its high virulence in human infections and a mouse infection model involves the possession of several predicted virulence traits, including two type III secretion systems (T3SSs). In this article, in addition to providing an update on the new clinical cases of human infections, we will focus on recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms regarding pathogenesis. It has been demonstrated that the Cpi-1 T3SS plays a pivotal role in interaction with host cells. It is required for the secretion of effector proteins and is the agonist recognized by the Nod-like receptor CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome from innate immune cells. Pyroptosis and its release of hepatocytes for killing by neutrophils are key events required for the clearance of . Given the prominent role of T3SSs in virulence, we examine their occurrence in the genus, taking advantage of several draft genome sequences of species that have recently become available. Our finding that the Cpi-1 T3SS is widespread among species points toward the pathogenic potential of this genus for humans or to novel roles of the T3SS in the interaction of species with other organisms.
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Reviewed by: Nubia Seyffert, Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil; Zhongjing Lu, Kennesaw State University, United States
Edited by: John R. Battista, Louisiana State University, United States
This article was submitted to Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02213