The Value of Laparoscopy in Management of Abdominal Trauma

• Published in: The American surgeon Vol. 69; no. 11; pp. 957 - 960
• Main Authors: Chelly, Marjorie R., Major, Kevin, Spivak, Jacob, Hui, Thomas, Hiatt, Jonathan R., Margulies, Daniel R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.11.2003; Southeastern Surgical Congress; SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
• Subjects: Abdominal Injuries - diagnosis; Abdominal Injuries - surgery; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anatomy & physiology; Biological and medical sciences; Digestive system. Abdomen; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Injuries of the abdomen. Foreign bodies of the digestive system; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Length of Stay; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Repetitive motion disorders; Retrospective Studies; Surgery; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents; Wounds, Gunshot - diagnosis; Wounds, Gunshot - surgery; Wounds, Nonpenetrating - diagnosis; Wounds, Nonpenetrating - surgery; Wounds, Stab - diagnosis; Wounds, Stab - surgery; Human; Treatment; Indication; Abdominal disease; Exploration; Laparoscopy; Endoscopy; Safety; Trauma; Retrospective; Abdomen
• ISSN: 0003-1348; 1555-9823
• DOI: 10.1177/000313480306901108

The role of laparoscopy (LS) in abdominal trauma is controversial. Concerns remain regarding missed injuries and safety. Our objective for this study was to determine the safety and better define the role of LS in abdominal trauma victims. We performed a retrospective review of all patients who sustained abdominal trauma and underwent LS in a level I trauma center. The main outcome measures were age, gender, mechanism of injury (MOD, indication for laparoscopy, presence of intra-abdominal injury (IA), therapeutic laparoscopy (TxLS), need for laparotomy, length of hospital stay (LOS), missed injuries, complications, and deaths. Forty-eight patients underwent LS (62 per cent male; average age, 28 years; MOI, 35 (85%) penetrating, 7 (15%) blunt; mean ISS, 8). At laparoscopy, 58 per cent of patients had no intra-abdominal injury. IA injury was treated with laparotomy in 14 (29%) and TxLS in 6 (13%). One patient had a negative laparotomy (2%). No injuries were missed. No patients required reoperation. There was one complication: a pneumothorax. There were no deaths. LS was most valuable in penetrating trauma, avoiding laparotomy in more than two-thirds of patients with suspected intra-abdominal injury. LS can serve as a useful adjunct for the evaluation of blunt trauma. In a level I trauma center with LS readily available, the procedure is associated with a low rate of complications and missed injury.