Clostridium clariflavum sp. nov. and Clostridium caenicola sp. nov., moderately thermophilic, cellulose-/cellobiose-digesting bacteria isolated from methanogenic sludge

• Published in: International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology Vol. 59; no. 7; pp. 1764 - 1770
• Main Authors: Shiratori, Hatsumi, Sasaya, Kinuyo, Ohiwa, Hitomi, Ikeno, Hironori, Ayame, Shohei, Kataoka, Naoaki, Miya, Akiko, Beppu, Teruhiko, Ueda, Kenji
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Reading Soc General Microbiol 01.07.2009; Society for General Microbiology
• Subjects: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bacteriology; Base Composition; Biological and medical sciences; Cellobiose - metabolism; Cellulose - metabolism; Clostridium - classification; Clostridium - genetics; Clostridium - isolation & purification; Clostridium - physiology; DNA, Bacterial - analysis; Fatty Acids - analysis; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genes, rRNA; Genotype; Hot Temperature; Methane - metabolism; Microbiology; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sewage - microbiology; Species Specificity; Systematics; Clostridium; Cellobiose; Taxonomy; Methanogenic bacteria; Clostridiaceae; Cellulose; Clostridiales; Bacteria; Thermophily; New species
• ISSN: 1466-5026; 1466-5034
• DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.003483-0

1 Life Science Research Center, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa 252-8510, Japan 2 Ebara Research Co., Ltd, 4-2-1, Honfujisawa, Fujisawa 251-8502, Japan Correspondence Hatsumi Shiratori siratori{at}brs.nihon-u.ac.jp Two novel anaerobic, moderately thermophilic and cellulose-/cellobiose-digesting bacteria, EBR45 T and EBR596 T , were isolated from anaerobic sludge of a cellulose-degrading methanogenic bioreactor. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains belonged to cluster III within the low-G+C-content Gram-positive bacteria. The close relatives of EBR45 T were Clostridium straminisolvens DSM 16021 T (sequence identity, 94.6 %) and Clostridium thermocellum DSM 1237 T (93.4 %). The closest relative of EBR596 T was Clostridium stercorarium DSM 8532 T (95.9 %). Both isolates were rod-shaped sporulators, growing optimally at 60 °C. EBR45 T was Gram-staining-reaction-variable and non-motile, formed bright-yellow colonies on solid media, and grew on a relatively narrow range of carbohydrates including cellulose and cellobiose. EBR596 T was Gram-staining-reaction-negative and motile, formed glossy white colonies and grew on cellobiose and various carbohydrates except cellulose. Major fatty acid compositions were 16 : 0 iso, 16 : 0 and 16 : 0 dimethylacetal (strain EBR45 T ) and 15 : 0 iso, 16 : 0 iso, 15 : 0 anteiso and 17 : 0 anteiso (strain EBR596 T ). The DNA G+C contents were 36.9 mol% (EBR45 T ) and 51.1 mol% (EBR596 T ). Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic data and genomic distinctiveness, strains EBR45 T and EBR596 T represent two novel species, for which the names Clostridium clariflavum sp. nov. (type strain EBR45 T =DSM 19732 T =NBRC 101661 T ) and Clostridium caenicola sp. nov. (type strain EBR596 T =DSM 19027 T =NBRC 102590 T ) are proposed. Abbreviations: DMA, dimethylacetal The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains EBR45 T and EBR596 T are AB186359 and AB221372 .