EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF THE HYDRO-ETHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF ZANTHOXYLUM ZANTHOXYLOIDES ON HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN CYCLOPHOSPAMIDE TREATED RATS

• Published in: African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines Vol. 13; no. 5; pp. 153 - 159
• Main Authors: Vo, Ikumawoyi, O, Awodele, K, Rotimi, Ay, Fashina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Nigeria African Traditional Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative (ATHMSI) 01.01.2016
• Subjects: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating - adverse effects; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Cyclophosphamide - adverse effects; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol - pharmacology; Female; Immune System Diseases - blood; Immune System Diseases - chemically induced; Immune System Diseases - drug therapy; Immunosuppression Therapy - adverse effects; Male; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Phytotherapy - methods; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Roots - chemistry; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Zanthoxylum - chemistry; cyclophosphamide; antioxidant; hyperlipidemia; hematological; phytochemical
• ISSN: 0189-6016; 2505-0044
• DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i5.20

The use of cyclophosphamide in cancer therapy is usually associated with challenging immunosuppression which exposes patients to increased risk of anemia and necessitating preventive measures during therapy. This study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of the hydro-ethanolic extract of the root of in preventing and/or improving cyclophosphamide induced myelosuppression and oxidative stress in rats. Animals were divided into 6 groups of 6 rats each and were pretreated oral doses of 75, 150 and 225 mg/kg of the extract for 7 days and then co-administered with 2.5 mg/kg cyclophosphamide for 28 days. The LD of the extract was found to be 1682.3 mg/kg. Phytochemical analysis of the plant extract showed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids and phenols. In the anti-oxidant enzyme assay, CAT was significantly ( < 0.05) increased for animals treated with 150 mg/kg+CP compared to 75 mg/kg+CP and 225 mg/kg+CP. GPx was significantly ( < 0.01) increased in rats treated with 75 mg/kg+CP compared to 150 mg/kg+CP and control. SOD was significantly ( < 0.01) increased in rats treated with 75 mg/kg+CP compared to the control. WBC was significantly ( < 0.05) reduced for 225 mg/kg, 225 mg/kg+CP ( < 0.001), 150 mg/kg+CP ( < 0.001), 75 mg/kg+CP ( < 0.001) and CP administered rats ( < 0.001) respectively compared to the control. LDL and CHOL were significantly reduced ( < 0.05) for rats treated with 75 mg/kg+CP, 225 mg/kg+CP and 225 mg/kg. Findings from this study demonstrates that the hydro-ethanolic root extract of could be beneficial in hyperlipidemia and in cases of malignancies with abnormal cholesterol metabolism an effect which may be mediated via combating oxidative stress. EDTA: Ethylenediamine-tetra acetate; MDA: Malondialdehyde; PCV: Packed cell volume; RBC: Red blood cell; HGB: Hemoglobin; WBC: White blood cell; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; CHOL: Cholesterol; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; GSH: Reduced glutathione; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; CAT: Catalase; CP: Cyclophosphamide.