Ontogenetic skull variation in an Amazonian population of lowland tapir, Tapirus terrestris (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) in the department of Loreto, Peru
ABSTRACT The skulls of 54 specimens of the South American tapir, Tapirus terrestris collected in the department of Loreto, Peru were measured, analyzed and compared to investigate skull development of this species. Univariate, multivariate and allometric analyses were performed using 32 skull variab...
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Published in | Acta amazonica Vol. 51; no. 4; pp. 311 - 322 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia
01.12.2021
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | ABSTRACT The skulls of 54 specimens of the South American tapir, Tapirus terrestris collected in the department of Loreto, Peru were measured, analyzed and compared to investigate skull development of this species. Univariate, multivariate and allometric analyses were performed using 32 skull variables through traditional morphometrics. Significant skull shape variation was detected among ontogenetic classes. Young individuals (class I, n = 22) showed higher variation than subadults and adults (class II, n = 23 and class III, n = 9), without evidence of sexual dimorphism (males = 35, females = 19). Principal component analyses and discriminant function analysis showed almost complete separation of the age classes. Allometric analysis indicated a tendency of unproportioned cranial growth. All our samples come from the same population living under the same ecological condition, which eliminates the effect of confounding variables related to habitat on the pattern of ontogenetic variation of this anatomical structure.
RESUMEN Se midió, analizó y comparó 54 cráneos de tapir sudamericano, Tapirus terrestris recolectados en el departamento de Loreto, Perú, para investigar el desarrollo craneal de esta especie. Se realizaron análisis univariados, multivariados y alométricos de los cráneos utilizando 32 variables mediante morfometría tradicional. Se detectó una variación significativa de la forma del cráneo entre clases ontogenéticas. Los individuos más jóvenes (clase I, n = 22) mostraron mayor variación que subadultos y adultos (clases II, n = 23 y III, n = 9), pero sin evidencia de dimorfismo sexual (machos = 35, hembras = 19). Un análisis de componentes principales y un análisis de función discriminante mostraron una separación casi completa de las clases ontogenéticas. El análisis alométrico indicó una tendencia de crecimiento craneal desproporcionado. Todas nuestras muestras provienen de la misma población que vive bajo la misma condición ecológica, lo que elimina el efecto de confusión de variables relacionadas con el hábitat sobre el patrón de variaciones ontogenéticas de esta estructura anatómica. |
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ISSN: | 0044-5967 1809-4392 |
DOI: | 10.1590/1809-4392202101382 |