Evaluation of Feed Attractants in Juvenile Senegalese Sole, Solea senegalensis

• Published in: Journal of the World Aquaculture Society Vol. 44; no. 5; pp. 682 - 693
• Main Authors: Barroso, Fernando G, Rodiles, Ana, Vizcaino, Antonio J, Martínez, Tomás F, Alarcón, Francisco J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.10.2013; John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Subjects: Aquaculture; aquaculture feeds; attractants; Behavior; experimental diets; feed intake; feeding behavior; Fish; fish farms; fish meal; forage evaluation; hydrolysates; Ingredients; mussels; Polychaeta; Solea senegalensis; squid; tanks
• ISSN: 0893-8849; 1749-7345
• DOI: 10.1111/jwas.12068

The Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis, is a flatfish with increasing interest in the European aquaculture. However, one of the main limitations found in this species is related to the scarce attraction to commercial aquafeeds, thus determining low feed intake in fish farms. The aim of this study was to evaluate four ingredients of marine origin (fish meal hydrolysate [FMH], polychaete meal [POM], mussel meal [MUM], and squid meal [SQM]) as potential attractants for juvenile Senegalese sole. Four experimental feeds containing 10% of the potential attractants, plus a control diet without these ingredients, were evaluated. A total of 150 fish were distributed into ten 40‐L tanks (duplicate tanks per feed). A Latin square design was carried out, and hence all the experimental diets were offered to each tank in successive periods of 7 d. Fish were fed twice a day (morning and afternoon), and the feeding behavior of the animals was assessed by direct observations. Behavioral pattern assessed was classified as distant orientation, near orientation, or continuation of intake. The acceptability index for each behavioral phase and experimental feeds used was established for each observation. No behavioral differences could be noticed between the morning and the afternoon feedings. FMH showed the greatest attractant potential than among the ingredients assessed, and consequently this ingredient yielded the higher feed intake rates. On the other hand, POM was not the best attractant for juvenile Senegalese sole.