Anaerobic co-digestion of sludge and microalgae grown in municipal wastewater - a feasibility study

• Published in: Water science and technology Vol. 77; no. 3; pp. 682 - 694
• Main Authors: Olsson, J, Forkman, T, Gentili, F G, Zambrano, J, Schwede, S, Thorin, E, Nehrenheim, E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England IWA Publishing 01.02.2018
• Subjects: Agricultural land; Algae; Alternative energy sources; Anaerobic digestion; Anatomical structures; Arable land; Biomass; Carbon dioxide; Cultivation; Digestibility; Feasibility studies; Fertilizers; Flue gas; Förnyelsebar bioenergi; Gases; Heavy metal content; Heavy metals; Hydraulic retention time; Load distribution; Loading rate; Metals; Methane; Microalgae; Mitigation; Municipal wastewater; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Organic loading; Oxidation; Proteins; Renewable Bioenergy Research; Resource recovery; Retention time; Sewage; Sewage sludge; Sludge; Sludge digestion; Volatile solids; Wastewater; Water treatment; Yields; Sweden
• ISSN: 0273-1223; 1996-9732; 1996-9732
• DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.583

In this study a natural mix of microalgae grown in wastewater of municipal character was co-digested with sewage sludge in mesophilic conditions, in both batch and semi-continuous modes. The semi-continuous experiment was divided into two periods with OLR (organic loading rate) of 2.4 kg volatile solids (VS) m d and HRT (hydraulic retention time) of 15 days, and OLR of 3.5 kg VS m d and HRT of 10 days, respectively. Results showed stable conditions during both periods. The methane yield was reduced when adding microalgae (from 200 ± 25 NmL CH g VS , to 168 ± 22 NmL CH g VS ) but VS reduction was also decreased by 51%. This low digestibility was confirmed in the anaerobic batch test. However, adding microalgae improved the dewaterability of the digested sludge. The high heavy metals content in the microalgae resulted in a high heavy metals content in the digestate, making it more difficult to reuse the digestate as fertilizer on arable land. The heavy metals are thought to originate from the flue gas used as a CO source during the microalgae cultivation. Therefore the implementation of CO mitigation via algal cultivation requires careful consideration regarding the source of the CO -rich gas.