Structure and Function of TET Enzymes

Mammalian DNA methylation mainly occurs at the carbon-C5 position of cytosine (5mC). TET enzymes were discovered to successively oxidize 5mC to 5-hydromethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). TET enzymes and oxidized 5mC derivatives play important roles in variou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAdvances in experimental medicine and biology Vol. 945; p. 275
Main Authors Yin, Xiaotong, Xu, Yanhui
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.01.2016
Subjects
5-Methylcytosine - chemistry
5-Methylcytosine - metabolism
DNA Methylation - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - chemistry
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
Embryonic Development
Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism
Mixed Function Oxygenases - chemistry
Mixed Function Oxygenases - genetics
Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism
Oxidation-Reduction
Proto-Oncogene Proteins - chemistry
Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics
Proto-Oncogene Proteins - metabolism
Structure-Activity Relationship
Epigenetic modification
DNA demethylation
TET
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Summary:Mammalian DNA methylation mainly occurs at the carbon-C5 position of cytosine (5mC). TET enzymes were discovered to successively oxidize 5mC to 5-hydromethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). TET enzymes and oxidized 5mC derivatives play important roles in various biological and pathological processes, including regulation of DNA demethylation, gene transcription, embryonic development, and oncogenesis. In this chapter, we will discuss the discovery of TET-mediated 5mC oxidation and the structure, function, and regulation of TET enzymes.
ISSN:0065-2598
DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-43624-1_12