Excreted/secreted Trichuris suis products reduce barrier function and suppress inflammatory cytokine production of intestinal epithelial cells

• Published in: Molecular immunology Vol. 60; no. 1; pp. 1 - 7
• Main Authors: Hiemstra, I.H., Klaver, E.J., Vrijland, K., Kringel, H., Andreasen, A., Bouma, G., Kraal, G., van Die, I., den Haan, J.M.M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.07.2014
• Subjects: Animals; Barrier function; Biological Transport; Cell Line; Chemokine CXCL1 - biosynthesis; Claudin-4 - biosynthesis; Crohn Disease - therapy; Cytokines - antagonists & inhibitors; Cytokines - biosynthesis; Cytokines - immunology; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Helminth Proteins - administration & dosage; Helminth Proteins - immunology; Humans; Immune therapy; Intestinal epithelial cells; Intestinal Mucosa - immunology; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Neoplasm Proteins - biosynthesis; Polysaccharides - administration & dosage; Polysaccharides - metabolism; Receptors, Cell Surface - biosynthesis; Th2 Cells - immunology; Therapy with Helminths - methods; Tight Junctions - immunology; Trichuris - immunology; Trichuris - metabolism; Trichuris suis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis; Immune therapy; Trichuris suis; Barrier function; Intestinal epithelial cells
• ISSN: 0161-5890; 1872-9142
• DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.03.003

•T. suis excreted/secreted products reduce IEC barrier function.•Excreted/secreted T. suis products reduce expression of tight junction proteins.•T. suis excretory/secretory glycans contribute to reduced IEC barrier function.•T. suis excreted/secreted products reduce IEC inflammatory responses. The administration of helminths is considered a promising strategy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases due to their immunomodulatory properties. Currently, the application of the helminth Trichuris suis as a treatment for Crohn's disease is being studied in large multi-center clinical trials. The intestinal epithelium forms an efficient barrier between the intestinal lumen containing the microbial flora and helminths, and dendritic cells (DCs) present in the lamina propria that determine the TH response. Here, we investigated how excreted/secreted (E/S) products of T. suis affect the barrier function of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in order to reach the DCs and modulate the immune response. We show that T. suis E/S products reduce the barrier function and the expression of the tight junction proteins EMP-1 and claudin-4 in IEC CMT93/69 monolayers in a glycan-dependent manner. This resulted in an increased passage of soluble compounds to the basolateral side that affected DC function. In addition, T. suis E/S suppressed LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production by CMT93/69 cells, whereas the production of the TH2 response-inducing cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was induced. Our studies indicate that T. suis E/S glycans affect the function of the intestinal epithelium in order to modulate DC function. Identification of the T. suis E/S glycans that modulate IEC and DC function may lead to a strategy to reduce symptoms of autoimmune and allergic immune diseases by orally administrated helminth-derived factors without the need of infection with live helminths.