Fumigation-extraction method for the measurement of soil microbial biomass-S

• Published in: Soil biology & biochemistry Vol. 26; no. 1; pp. 117 - 125
• Main Authors: Wu, J., O'donnell, A.G., He, Z.L., Syers, J.K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 1994; New York, NY Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; analytical methods; Biochemistry and biology; Biological and medical sciences; Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties; cultural soil types; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; measurement; Microbiology; Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils; soil microorganisms; Soil science; soil texture; sulfur; Fumigation; Radiolabelling; Cultivated soil; Method; Microbial biomass; Assay; Soils; Microbial origin; Nutrient; Extraction; Measurement method; Sulfur; Grassland soil
• ISSN: 0038-0717; 1879-3428
• DOI: 10.1016/0038-0717(94)90203-8

Fumigation-extraction was evaluated for the measurement of microbial biomass-S in soil. Following fumigation in CHCl 3, S was extracted using 10 mM CaCl 2 at a soil-to-extractant ratio of 1-to-2 (w/v). These conditions were shown to be favourable in a range of soils containing extractable-S below 30 μg S g −1 soil. Extractable-S was measured by ion chromatography following H 2O 2 digestion. The increase in extractable-S following fumigation (the flush) was converted to biomass-S using a conversion factor ( k s) determined using 35S-labelled biomass-S. Using a soil-to-extractant ratio of 1-to-2 gave a value for K s of 0.31. This methodology was shown to be reliable for soils subject to arable, grassland or woodland management, with pH values above 3.7 and clay contents of 4–60%. The amounts of biomass-S measured in these soils were in the range 2.9–20 μg S g −1 soil. The data also showed that the amounts of biomass-S in soil are related to biomass-C and dependant upon soil management and fertilisation.