From identification of fluorescent flavoproteins to mitochondrial redox indicators in intact tissues

Development of the use of flavin and nicotinamide-adenine nucleotide fluorescence in monitoring the redox state of the free mitochondrial NADH/NAD+ couple in cells, tissues and organs is reviewed. A break-through was the identification of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (FpL) as the major NAD-linked...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of innovative optical health science Vol. 7; no. 2; pp. 1350058 - 1350058-6
Main Author Hassinen, Ilmo E.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published The Author 01.03.2014
World Scientific Publishing
Subjects
compartment-specific monitoring
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
electron transfer flavoprotein
flavin mononucleotide
Flavin-adenine dinucleotide
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
compartment-specific monitoring
flavin mononucleotide
electron transfer flavoprotein
Flavin-adenine dinucleotide
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Summary:Development of the use of flavin and nicotinamide-adenine nucleotide fluorescence in monitoring the redox state of the free mitochondrial NADH/NAD+ couple in cells, tissues and organs is reviewed. A break-through was the identification of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (FpL) as the major NAD-linked fluorescent flavoprotein of mitochondria. This mitochondrial matrix flavoprotein is in equilibrium with the free NADH/NAD+ pool and its mid-potential is sufficiently near to that of NADH/NAD+ so that its percentage reduction follows that of the latter. Possibilities of monitoring mitochondrial and cytosolic NADH depend on the population density of mitochondria and thus are tissue-dependent. Upon a shift toward reduction, fluorescence intensities of NADH and flavins swing to reciprocal directions, so that the NADH/flavin fluorescence ratio can be used to increase the sensitivity of redox monitoring. This method is attaining widening use in studies on metabolic regulation under normal and pathological conditions.
Bibliography:This is an Open Access article published by World Scientific Publishing Company. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (CC-BY) License. Further distribution of this work is permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.
ISSN:1793-5458
1793-7205
DOI:10.1142/S1793545813500582