Food-grade lactic acid bacteria and probiotics as a potential protective tool against erythrotoxic dietary xenobiotics

• Published in: Trends in food science & technology Vol. 116; pp. 1041 - 1055
• Main Authors: Cuevas-González, Paúl F., Peredo-Lovillo, Audry, Castro-López, Cecilia, Vallejo-Cordoba, Belinda, González-Córdova, Aarón F., García, Hugo S., Hernández-Mendoza, Adrián
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2021; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Bacteria; Bioavailability; Chronic illnesses; Codification; Damage; Diet; Erythrocytes; Food; Gene expression; Hemolysis; In vivo methods and tests; Lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria; Metabolites; Oxidative stress; Probiotics; Xenobiotics
• ISSN: 0924-2244; 1879-3053
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.09.004

Different studies have evidenced that dietary xenobiotics (DXBs) can produce oxidative damage to erythrocytes, which eventually leads to the development of eryptosis and, ultimately hemolysis. Increased eryptosis and hemolysis have been implicated in the development and progression of some clinical conditions or chronic diseases, mainly from cardiovascular origin. Therefore, new strategies based on agents with antioxidant properties have emerged as a novel approach to reduce induced oxidative stress in exposed erythrocytes. Specific food-grade lactic acid bacteria and probiotics have exhibited antioxidant properties, likely related to postbiotics, with positive effects against oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. Hence, the aim of this work was to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the possible protective role of food-grade LAB and/or probiotics, as well as their metabolites (postbiotics), against the erythrotoxic effect induced by DXBs. The possible mechanisms underlying this protective activity will also be described. Key findings and conclusions: In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that food-grade lactic acid bacteria and/or probiotics have the capacity to improve the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant system of erythrocytes, thereby exhibiting protection against induced-oxidative damage by DXBs. The possible mechanisms involve the enhancement of the bioaccessibility of exogenous antioxidant precursor molecules and/or the bioavailability of endogenous antioxidants. Besides, the increased expression of genes that codify for the production of antioxidant enzymes in the host, induced by bacteria-derived byproducts, is not ruled out. [Display omitted] •Eryptosis and hemolysis may be indued by different dietary xenobiotics.•Some food-grade LAB/probiotics exhibit erythroprotective effect against induced-oxidative damage.•Enhanced erythrocyte's antioxidant enzymes mitigate physiological changes in cells.•Protective effect involves the enhancement of the bioaccessibility of exogenous antioxidant precursor molecules.