The Species Identification and Genomic Analysis of Haemobacillus shengwangii: A Novel Pathogenic Bacterium Isolated From a Critically Ill Patient With Bloodstream Infection

• Published in: Frontiers in microbiology Vol. 13; p. 919169
• Main Authors: Du, Yingying, Li, Xuming, Liu, Yuhao, Mu, Shikui, Shen, Dandan, Fan, Shu, Lou, Zheng, Zhang, Shouqin, Xia, Han, Yuan, Yinghua, Wang, Sheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A 14.06.2022
• Subjects: catheter-associated bloodstream infection; genome de novo assembly; Microbiology; novel species identification; pathogenic bacterium; single-molecule real-time sequencing; Thermicanaceae
• ISSN: 1664-302X; 1664-302X
• DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919169

Since the first strain related to Thermicanaceae was reported in 1999, almost no literature on Thermicanaceae is available, particularly its genomics. We recently isolated a novel pathogenic bacterium, the △ strain DYY3, from the blood sample of a critically ill patient. The morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of △ strain DYY3 were presented in this study, and the virulence factor genes and antibiotic resistance of DYY3 were also determined. Interestingly, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) and core-genes average amino acid identity (cAAI) analysis indicated that △ strain DYY3 was genus novel and species novel. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis based on both 16S rRNA gene and whole genomic core gene sequences suggested that △ strain DYY3 belonged to the family Thermicanaceae, and this novel taxon was thus named Haemobacillus shengwangii gen. nov., sp. nov. Besides, both the whole genome-based phylogenetic tree and amino acid identity analysis indicated that Thermicanus aegyptius , Hydrogenibacillus schlegelii , Brockia lithotrophica , and the newly discovered species H. shengwangii should belong to Thermicanaceae at the family level, and T. aegyptius was the closest species to H. shengwangii . We also constructed the first high-quality genome in the family Thermicanaceae using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technologies, which certainly contributed to further genomics studies and metagenomic-based pathogenic detection in the future.