The Comprehension of Syntactic and Affective Prosody by Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Accompanying Cognitive Deficits

• Published in: Journal of psycholinguistic research Vol. 46; no. 6; pp. 1573 - 1595
• Main Authors: Martzoukou, Maria, Papadopoulou, Despina, Kosmidis, Mary-Helen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.12.2017; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Accuracy; Adult; Adults; Affect - physiology; Affective Behavior; Autism; Autism Spectrum Disorder - psychology; Autism Spectrum Disorders; Behavioral Science and Psychology; Cognition; Cognitive Psychology; Comprehension; Comprehension - physiology; Control Groups; Correlation; Decoding; Difficulty Level; Emotional Response; Emotions; Emotions - physiology; Experimental Groups; Female; Fillers; Grammatical subject; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Interpersonal Competence; Intonation; Language Processing; Male; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Prosody; Psycholinguistics; Psychology; Reaction Time; Recognition; Sentence completion tests; Social Perception; Speech Perception - physiology; Suprasegmentals; Syntax; Syntax phonology relationship; Task Analysis; Young Adult; Sentence processing; Affective prosody; Syntactic prosody; Syntactic ambiguity; ASD w/o cognitive deficits
• ISSN: 0090-6905; 1573-6555; 1573-6555
• DOI: 10.1007/s10936-017-9500-4

The present study investigates the comprehension of syntactic and affective prosody in adults with autism spectrum disorder without accompanying cognitive deficits (ASD w/o cognitive deficits) as well as age-, education- and gender-matched unimpaired adults, while processing orally presented sentences. Two experiments were conducted: (a) an on-line sentence completion task containing local subject/object ambiguities and (b) an affective prosody task exploring the comprehension of six emotions. The syntactic prosody task revealed that the experimental group performed similar to the control group on the fillers and the object condition. On the other hand, the ASD w/o cognitive deficits group manifested lower accuracy compared to the unimpaired controls in the subject reading condition, as well as slower reaction times in all conditions. In the affective prosody task, the experimental group performed significantly worse than the controls in the recognition of the emotion of surprise, whereas no differences between the experimental and the control group were attested in the recognition of all other emotions. A positive correlation was found between the two tasks in the ASD w/o cognitive deficits group. Thus, individuals with ASD w/o cognitive deficits face slight difficulties with the decoding of prosody, both the syntactic and the affective one. More specifically, these difficulties are attested in the most difficult conditions, i.e. the subject reading and the emotion of surprise.