Management of pomegranate (Punica granatum) orchards alters the supply and pathway of rain water reaching soils in an arid agricultural landscape

• Published in: Agriculture, ecosystems & environment Vol. 259; pp. 77 - 85
• Main Authors: Hakimi, Leila, Sadeghi, Seyed Mohammad Moein, Van Stan, John Toland, Pypker, Thomas Grant, Khosropour, Esmaeil
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.05.2018; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Agricultural land; Arid regions; Arid zones; Canopies; Evaporation; Farm management; Farming; Forest floor; Interception; Interception loss; Landscape; Moisture content; Orchard management; Orchards; Pruning; Punica granatum; Rain; Rain water; Rainfall; Rainfall interception; Soil management; Soil mechanics; Soil moisture; Soil water; Stemflow; Thinning; Throughfall; Transpiration; Trees; Water content; Pruning; Orchard management; Throughfall; Stemflow; Thinning; Rainfall interception
• ISSN: 0167-8809; 1873-2305
• DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2018.03.001

•Substantial global pomegranate fruit production occurs in Iranian rainfed orchards.•Canopy rain partitioning currently not considered in orchard management practices.•Orchard management practices altered the quantity/pathway of net rainfall to soils.•Thinning/pruning can tailor rainfed orchard stand structure to improve water supply.•Minimal management of rainfed orchards yielded the largest rain interception losses. Arid pomegranate (Punica granatum) orchards are frequently rainfed. In these systems, orchard managers might be able to manipulate a stand’s canopy structure (e.g., thinning, pruning) to improve rainfall water input to the soil. The aim of this research was to determine how changes in management activities in rainfed pomegranate orchards in arid regions of Central Iran affects rainfall partitioning into throughfall, stemflow, and rainfall interception loss. We monitored gross rainfall, throughfall, stemflow and rainfall interception loss in three stands with varying levels of thinning and pruning. Management practices sufficiently altered the stand and canopy structure of pomegranate orchards to impact the quantity and pathway (throughfall v. stemflow) of rainfall reaching the ground. Decreases in tree height, canopy cover, crown length and LAI were correlated to a significant increase in rainfall reaching the forest floor. Results indicate that orchard managers may be able to prune 40% of the live crown and thin 70% of the stand if the objective it to significantly increase water inputs into the soil. Future research should focus on the impact of canopy management on soil moisture content and soil evaporation and transpiration.