Dynamics and optimization of the OWC spar buoy wave energy converter

• Published in: Renewable energy Vol. 48; pp. 369 - 381
• Main Authors: Falcão, António F.O., Henriques, João C.C., Cândido, José J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2012; Elsevier
• Subjects: absorption; air; air flow; Air turbine; Applied sciences; Axisymmetric; Buoys; compressibility; Devices; Energy; energy conversion; Energy of waters: ocean thermal energy, wave and tidal energy, etc; Exact sciences and technology; Fluid flow; Hydrodynamics; Natural energy; Optimization; Oscillating water column; Spar buoy; Tail tube; Tubes; Turbines; water flow; water power; Wave energy; Wave energy; Tail tube; Spar buoy; Optimization; Air turbine; Oscillating water column
• ISSN: 0960-1481; 1879-0682
• DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.05.009

The paper concerns the hydrodynamic analysis and optimization of an OWC spar buoy, possibly the simplest concept for a floating oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy converter. It is an axisymmetric device consisting basically of a submerged vertical tail-tube-fixed to an axisymmetric floater that oscillates essentially in heave. The air flow displaced by the water motion inside the tube drives a self-rectifying air turbine. The possible advantages of using a tube of non-uniform inner cross section are investigated theoretically and numerically, especially as a way of reducing the draught of the device without significantly impairing its power performance. The unsteady water flow in the tube is modelled as one-dimensional. The frequency-dependent hydrodynamic coefficients of the tube-floater pair were computed with a boundary-element code. A linear air turbine is assumed. The hydrodynamics of the wave energy absorption is analysed in the frequency domain, including the effect of air compressibility in the chamber; special attention is devoted to optimization. Numerical results are presented for device's performance in regular and irregular waves, including especially optimization of the tube geometry and of the turbine characteristic. Practical implications of these results are discussed. ► OWC spar buoy wave energy converter with tail tube of non-uniform cross section. ► Oscillating flow in tail tube modelled as one-dimensional unsteady inviscid flow. ► Frequency domain modelling of wave energy absorption by OWC with linear air turbine. ► Maximization of energy absorption in regular and irregular waves. ► Effect of tail tube geometry and air turbine characteristic on device performance.