Adjuvanted quaternized chitosan composite aluminum nanoparticles-based vaccine formulation promotes immune responses in chickens

• Published in: Vaccine Vol. 41; no. 18; pp. 2982 - 2989
• Main Authors: Liu, Jiali, Guo, Sihan, Jin, Zheng, Zhao, Kai
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 02.05.2023; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adjuvants; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aluminum; Aluminum sulfate; Ammonium chloride; Animals; Antigens; Avian flu; Biocompatibility; Biodegradability; Cell-mediated immunity; Cellular immune response; Chickens; Chitosan; Combined inactivated vaccine against Newcastle disease and avian influenza; Combined vaccines; Cytotoxicity; Deactivation; Immune response (cell-mediated); Immune response (humoral); Immune system; Immunity, Cellular; Immunization; Immunogenicity; Immunoglobulin G; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype; Interleukin 4; Laboratory animals; Microscopy; N-2-Hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan nanoparticles; Nanoparticles; Newcastle disease; Newcastle Disease - prevention & control; Newcastle disease virus; Particle size; Pharmaceuticals; Spectrum analysis; Thermal stability; Toxicity; Vaccine nano adjuvant; Vaccines; Vaccines, Inactivated; Viruses; Zeta potential; γ-Interferon; Beijing China; Grand Island New York; United States > US; China; Vaccine nano adjuvant; N-2-Hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan nanoparticles; Cellular immune response; Aluminum sulfate; Combined inactivated vaccine against Newcastle disease and avian influenza
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.03.067

Aluminum adjuvant is a typical adjuvant that can promote humoral immune response, but it lacks the ability to effectively induce cellular immune response. The water-soluble N-2-Hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan nanoparticles (N-2-HACC NPs) can enhance humoral and cellular immune responses of vaccines. To enable aluminum adjuvant to induce cellular immunity, the composite nano adjuvant N-2-HACC-Al NPs were synthesized by the N-2-HACC and aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3). The particle size and zeta potential of the N-2-HACC-Al NPs were 300.70 ± 24.90 nm and 32.28 ± 0.52 mV, respectively. The N-2-HACC-Al NPs have good thermal stability and biodegradability and lower cytotoxicity. In addition, to investigate the immunogenicity of the composite nano adjuvant, the combined inactivated vaccine against Newcastle disease (ND) and H9N2 avian influenza (AI) was prepared with the N-2-HACC-Al NPs as a vaccine adjuvant. The immune effect of the vaccine (N-2-HACC-Al/NDV-AIV) was evaluated by chicken in vivo immunization. The vaccine induced higher levels of serum IgG, IL-4, and IFN-γ than those of the commercial combined inactivated vaccine against ND and H9N2 AI. The levels of IFN-γ were more than twice those of the commercial vaccine at 7 days post the immunization. The N-2-HACC-Al NPs could be used as an efficient nano adjuvant to enhance the effectiveness of vaccine and have immense application potential.