Net-zero emissions energy systems

Some energy services and industrial processes-such as long-distance freight transport, air travel, highly reliable electricity, and steel and cement manufacturing-are particularly difficult to provide without adding carbon dioxide (CO ) to the atmosphere. Rapidly growing demand for these services, c...

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Published inScience (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 360; no. 6396
Main Authors Davis, Steven J, Lewis, Nathan S, Shaner, Matthew, Aggarwal, Sonia, Arent, Doug, Azevedo, Inês L, Benson, Sally M, Bradley, Thomas, Brouwer, Jack, Chiang, Yet-Ming, Clack, Christopher T M, Cohen, Armond, Doig, Stephen, Edmonds, Jae, Fennell, Paul, Field, Christopher B, Hannegan, Bryan, Hodge, Bri-Mathias, Hoffert, Martin I, Ingersoll, Eric, Jaramillo, Paulina, Lackner, Klaus S, Mach, Katharine J, Mastrandrea, Michael, Ogden, Joan, Peterson, Per F, Sanchez, Daniel L, Sperling, Daniel, Stagner, Joseph, Trancik, Jessika E, Yang, Chi-Jen, Caldeira, Ken
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States The American Association for the Advancement of Science 29.06.2018
AAAS
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Summary:Some energy services and industrial processes-such as long-distance freight transport, air travel, highly reliable electricity, and steel and cement manufacturing-are particularly difficult to provide without adding carbon dioxide (CO ) to the atmosphere. Rapidly growing demand for these services, combined with long lead times for technology development and long lifetimes of energy infrastructure, make decarbonization of these services both essential and urgent. We examine barriers and opportunities associated with these difficult-to-decarbonize services and processes, including possible technological solutions and research and development priorities. A range of existing technologies could meet future demands for these services and processes without net addition of CO to the atmosphere, but their use may depend on a combination of cost reductions via research and innovation, as well as coordinated deployment and integration of operations across currently discrete energy industries.
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AC36-08GO28308; AC05-76RL01830
NREL/JA-5D00-70804; PNNL-ACT-SA-10296
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.aas9793