Optimal timing of exercise for influencing energy intake in children during school lunch

• Published in: Appetite Vol. 120; pp. 416 - 422
• Main Authors: Mathieu, M.-E., Lebkowski, A., Laplante, E., Drapeau, V., Thivel, D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2018; Elsevier
• Subjects: Academia; Anorexigenic effect; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Child; Child Behavior; Child, Preschool; Children; Cross-Over Studies; Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage; Energy balance; Energy Intake; Exercise; Female; Food and Nutrition; Health Behavior; Human health and pathology; Humans; Life Sciences; Male; Meals; Physical activity; Satiation; Schools; Time Factors; Tissues and Organs; Energy balance; Academia; Children; Physical activity; Anorexigenic effect
• ISSN: 0195-6663; 1095-8304
• DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.011

Laboratory studies have shown that exercise can reduce energy intake, with a benefit to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in individuals. The aim of the current study was to identify the impact of MVPA before lunch on ad libitum energy intake in very young children in a natural setting. Three conditions were tested on three occasions, each using a counterbalance testing sequence as follows: A) Meal_MVPA: Meal at the beginning of the lunch period followed by a 40-min MVPA (reference condition); B) LPA_meal: 40 min of light intensity exercise session followed by lunch; C) MVPA_meal: MVPA followed by lunch. Children were instructed to eat their ad libitum lunch box (7–9 items) to reach 4/5 on the satiety visual analogue scale. 21 participants [8 boys and 13 girls; 80% normal weight; mean age: 5.6 (standard deviation: 0.5) years] participated in the study. Energy intake was significantly greater in the LPA_Meal condition [509 kcal (95% confidence interval: 448–570)] than in Meal_MVPA [442 kcal (380–504)] (p = 0.011) and MVPA_Meal [432 kcal (371–494)] (p < 0.001) conditions (p < 0.05). The energy from lipids was significantly greater in the LPA_Meal [154 kcal (130–177)] than in Meal_MVPA conditions [120 kcal (97–144)] (p = 0.016). The current study may indicate that it is possible for young school children to benefit from anorexigenic exercise in real-life settings. In addition, it was possible to delay mealtime without increasing energy intake when MVPA was provided during the delay period. Finally, the introduction of MVPA prevented an increase in lipid consumption observed for LPA.