Exercise and intestinal permeability: another form of exercise-induced hormesis?

Regular aerobic exercise has numerous benefits on human physiology, arguably by serving as a hormetic stressor resulting in positive adaptations over time. It has long been known that aerobic exercise at a variety of intensities and durations induces intestinal permeability, which is a feature of ma...

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Published inAmerican journal of physiology: Gastrointestinal and liver physiology Vol. 319; no. 4; pp. G512 - G518
Main Authors Keirns, Bryant H., Koemel, Nicholas A., Sciarrillo, Christina M., Anderson, Kendall L., Emerson, Sam R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Physiological Society 01.10.2020
Subjects
Adaptation
Aerobics
Cardiovascular System
Digestive system
Exercise
Exercise - physiology
Gastrointestinal Absorption - physiology
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
Gastrointestinal tract
Hormesis
Hormesis - physiology
Humans
Immunity - physiology
Intestinal Mucosa - physiology
Intestine
Intestines - physiology
Metabolic disorders
Permeability
Physical fitness
Splanchnic Circulation - physiology
Thermotolerance - physiology
intestinal permeability
hormetic stressor
gut barrier
chronic exercise
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Summary:Regular aerobic exercise has numerous benefits on human physiology, arguably by serving as a hormetic stressor resulting in positive adaptations over time. It has long been known that aerobic exercise at a variety of intensities and durations induces intestinal permeability, which is a feature of many pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolic diseases. Given the health benefits of exercise, it seems unlikely that intestinal permeability induced by exercise outweighs the positive adaptations. In fact, a growing body of evidence suggests adoption of exercise regimens lasting weeks to months improves indicators of intestinal permeability. In this brief review, we summarize factors contributing to acute exercise-induced intestinal permeability and what is known about chronic exercise and the gut barrier. Additionally, we outline known and theoretical adaptations of the gut to chronic exercise that may explain emerging reports that exercise improves markers of gut integrity.
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ISSN:0193-1857
1522-1547
1522-1547
DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00232.2020