Polyethylenimine-Coated Ultrasmall Holmium Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxicities, and Water Proton Spin Relaxivities

Water proton spin relaxivities, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility of nanoparticle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents depend on surface-coating ligands. In this study, hydrophilic and biocompatible polyethylenimines (PEIs) of different sizes (M = 1200 and 60,000 amu) were used a...

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Published inNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 12; no. 9; p. 1588
Main Authors Liu, Shuwen, Yue, Huan, Ho, Son Long, Kim, Soyeon, Park, Ji Ae, Tegafaw, Tirusew, Ahmad, Mohammad Yaseen, Kim, Seungho, Saidi, Abdullah Khamis Ali Al, Zhao, Dejun, Liu, Ying, Nam, Sung-Wook, Chae, Kwon Seok, Chang, Yongmin, Lee, Gang Ho
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 07.05.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Biocompatibility
Coatings
Contrast agents
Contrast media
Cytotoxicity
Ethanol
Fourier transforms
Ho2O3
Holmium
Ligands
Magnetic resonance imaging
Nanoparticles
Particle size
Polyethyleneimine
polyethylenimine coating
Polymers
Protons
relaxivity
Spectrum analysis
Stability
ultrasmall nanoparticle
United States > US
South Korea
relaxivity
ultrasmall nanoparticle
polyethylenimine coating
Ho2O3
cytotoxicity
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Summary:Water proton spin relaxivities, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility of nanoparticle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents depend on surface-coating ligands. In this study, hydrophilic and biocompatible polyethylenimines (PEIs) of different sizes (M = 1200 and 60,000 amu) were used as surface-coating ligands for ultrasmall holmium oxide (Ho O ) nanoparticles. The synthesized PEI1200- and PEI60000-coated ultrasmall Ho O nanoparticles, with an average particle diameter of 2.05 and 1.90 nm, respectively, demonstrated low cellular cytotoxicities, good colloidal stability, and appreciable transverse water proton spin relaxivities (r ) of 13.1 and 9.9 s mM , respectively, in a 3.0 T MR field with negligible longitudinal water proton spin relaxivities (r ) (i.e., 0.1 s mM ) for both samples. Consequently, for both samples, the dose-dependent contrast changes in the longitudinal (R ) and transverse (R ) relaxation rate map images were negligible and appreciable, respectively, indicating their potential as efficient transverse T MRI contrast agents in vitro.
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ISSN:2079-4991
2079-4991
DOI:10.3390/nano12091588