Aalto-1, multi-payload CubeSat: Design, integration and launch

• Published in: Acta astronautica Vol. 187; pp. 370 - 383
• Main Authors: Praks, J., Mughal, M. Rizwan, Vainio, R., Janhunen, P., Envall, J., Oleynik, P., Näsilä, A., Leppinen, H., Niemelä, P., Slavinskis, A., Gieseler, J., Toivanen, P., Tikka, T., Peltola, T., Bosser, A., Schwarzkopf, G., Jovanovic, N., Riwanto, B., Kestilä, A., Punkkinen, A., Punkkinen, R., Hedman, H.-P., Säntti, T., Lill, J.-O., Slotte, J.M.K., Kettunen, H., Virtanen, A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elmsford Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2021; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Aalto spectral imager; Aalto-1; CubeSat; Design; Electrostatic plasma brake; Energetic particles; Hyperspectral; Hyperspectral imaging; Payloads; Polar orbits; Radiation; Radiation counters; Radiation monitor; Radiation monitoring; Satellites; Spacecraft; Subsystems; Aalto spectral imager; Electrostatic plasma brake; Hyperspectral; Radiation; Aalto-1; Radiation monitor; CubeSat
• ISSN: 0094-5765; 1879-2030
• DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.11.042

The design, integration, testing and launch of the first Finnish satellite Aalto-1 is briefly presented in this paper. Aalto-1, a three-unit CubeSat, launched into Sun-synchronous polar orbit at an altitude of approximately 500 km, is operational since June 2017. It carries three experimental payloads: Aalto Spectral Imager(AaSI), Radiation Monitor (RADMON) and Electrostatic Plasma Brake (EPB). AaSI is a hyperspectral imager in visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelength bands, RADMON is an energetic particle detector and EPB is a de-orbiting technology demonstration payload. The platform was designed to accommodate multiple payloads while ensuring sufficient data, power, radio, mechanical and electrical interfaces. The design strategy of platform and payload subsystems consists of in-house development and commercial subsystems. The CubeSat Assembly, Integration & Test (AIT) followed Flatsat-Engineering-Qualication Model (EQM)-Flight Model (FM) model philosophy for qualification and acceptance. The paper briefly describes the design approach of platform and payload subsystems, their integration and test campaigns and spacecraft launch. The paper also describes the ground segment & services that were developed by Aalto-1 team. •The design and development of multi-payload CubeSat, Aalto 1.•The miniaturized hyperspectral imager based on piezo-actuated tunable FPI.•The de-orbiting payload consisting of coulomb drag force.•The miniaturized low power radiation monitor.•The platform design approach consisting of inhouse development and commercial subsystems.