Assessing the impact of nutrition interventions on health and nutrition outcomes of community-dwelling adults: a systematic review

Background: Malnutrition is pervasive in hospitalized patients and older adults. Although evidence shows the benefits of nutrition interventions in hospitalized patients, less is known about the role these interventions play on outcomes in patients in the community. Objective: The objective of this...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNutrition and dietary supplements Vol. 10; pp. 45 - 57
Main Authors Sauer, Abby C, Li, Jian, Partridge, Jamie, Sulo, Suela
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Macclesfield Dove Medical Press Limited 01.01.2018
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Dove Medical Press
Subjects
Adults
Body weight
community-dwelling adults
Diet therapy
Dietary supplements
Elderly
Elderly patients
Evaluation
health
Hospital patients
Human nutrition
Malnutrition
Methods
Novels
Nutrition
Nutrition interventions
nutritional status
Older people
oral nutritional supplements
Retirement benefits
Studies
Systematic review
United Kingdom > UK
United States > US
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Summary:Background: Malnutrition is pervasive in hospitalized patients and older adults. Although evidence shows the benefits of nutrition interventions in hospitalized patients, less is known about the role these interventions play on outcomes in patients in the community. Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the current evidence on nutrition interventions' impact on health and nutrition outcomes among community-dwelling adults. Methods: This systematic review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Original studies of previously published research were identified by using a predefined search strategy. Articles identified through electronic and manual searches were compared against predefined study selection criteria. Results: Twenty articles were deemed eligible for inclusion. Most of the studies examined nutrition interventions through oral nutritional supplements, dietary advice, counseling, and home visits, and were conducted in subjects who either had or were at risk of malnutrition. Nutrition interventions were found to improve anthropometrics (body weight), nutritional and functional status, energy and protein intake, and muscle strength (handgrip strength). However, their impact was inconclusive for body composition, quality of life, readmissions, complications/morbidity, and mortality, mainly due to a limited number of studies. Conclusion: Nutrition interventions were found to improve health and nutrition outcomes among community-dwelling adults. Future research is needed to examine the pervasiveness of malnutrition in the community, to evaluate the impact that nutrition interventions have on improving health outcomes in this population, and to inform the design of novel nutrition-focused intervention programs for adults living in different community settings to improve outcomes. Keywords: community, malnutrition, nutritional status, functional status, muscle strength
ISSN:1179-1489
1179-1489
DOI:10.2147/NDS.S177248