A thraustochytrid protist isolated from Mercenaria mercenaria: molecular characterization and host defense responses

A previously undescribed thraustochytrid protist, designated C9G, was isolated from the gills of a clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, collected from the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Sequence data analysis showed C9G to be related to the clam pathogen QPX, quahog parasite unknown; however, it is not enveloped by...

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Published inFish & shellfish immunology Vol. 15; no. 3; pp. 183 - 194
Main Authors Anderson, Robert S., Kraus, Brenda S., McGladdery, Sharon E., Reece, Kimberly S., Stokes, Nancy A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2003
Subjects
Animals
Antibacterial responses
Base Sequence
Bivalvia - immunology
Bivalvia - parasitology
C9G
Defense responses
DNA, Ribosomal - genetics
Eukaryota - genetics
Eukaryota - isolation & purification
Hemocytes - immunology
Immunity
In Vitro Techniques
Luminescent Measurements
Mercenaria mercenaria
Molecular Sequence Data
Nitroblue Tetrazolium - metabolism
Nova Scotia
Parasite
Phagocytosis - immunology
Phylogeny
QPX
Reactive Oxygen Species
Small subunit ribosomal DNA
Thraustochytrid
Thraustochytridae
Nova Scotia
Canada
ANW, Canada, Fundy Bay
C9G
Defense responses
Small subunit ribosomal DNA
Parasite
QPX
Antibacterial responses
Mercenaria mercenaria
Thraustochytrid
Immunity
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Summary:A previously undescribed thraustochytrid protist, designated C9G, was isolated from the gills of a clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, collected from the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Sequence data analysis showed C9G to be related to the clam pathogen QPX, quahog parasite unknown; however, it is not enveloped by secreted mucoid material as is the case for QPX. Clam hemocytes recognized and phagocytized C9G in vitro in the absence of plasma recognition factors. Hemocytes were also capable of killing ingested C9G, as shown by the use of a tetrazolium reduction viability assay. The mechanisms underlying intracellular antimicrobial activity are not yet established, but no detectable cytotoxic reactive oxygen species were generated during phagocytosis of C9G. Clam plasma proteins were shown to inhibit C9G growth at concentrations similar to those in unfractionated hemolymph.
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ISSN:1050-4648
1095-9947
DOI:10.1016/S1050-4648(02)00157-2