Estimation of blood perfusion using phase shift in temperature response to sinusoidal heating at the skin surface

• Published in: IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering Vol. 46; no. 9; pp. 1037 - 1043
• Main Authors: Jing Liu, Xu, L.X.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01.09.1999; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Subjects: Algorithms; Biological and medical sciences; Blood; Blood Flow Velocity; Body Temperature Regulation - physiology; Electric Conductivity; Equations; Frequency; Heating; Humans; Investigative techniques of hemodynamics; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Medical sciences; Miscellaneous; Models, Biological; Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology; Phase estimation; Response surface methodology; Sensitivity and Specificity; Skin; Skin - blood supply; Surface Properties; Surface resistance; Temperature distribution; Thermal resistance; Time Factors; Sinusoidal conditions; Heat equation; Heating; Phase shift; Perfusion; Temperature effect; Contact resistance; Hemodynamics; Surface analysis; Derm; Blood
• ISSN: 0018-9294
• DOI: 10.1109/10.784134

A closed form analytical solution of the Pennes' bioheat equation was obtained for temperature distributions in the skin tissue subject to the sinusoidal heat flux. Phase shifts in the surface temperature response were revealed to be related to local blood perfusion rate and heating frequency. The influence of the thermal contact resistance on the perfusion estimation was investigated. It has been proved that this influence is relatively small because of the phase shift based estimation and can be effectively eliminated by application of highly conductive grease. This analysis provides the theoretical foundation for a new noninvasive modality of blood perfusion estimation based on the surface temperature measurement which can have significant applications in future clinical practices.