Synergistic effect of cadmium chloride and acetaldehyde on cytotoxicity and its prevention by quercetin and glycyrrhizin

• Published in: Mutation research Vol. 496; no. 1; pp. 117 - 127
• Main Authors: Hu, Chao-Chin, Chen, Wen-Kang, Liao, Pel-Hu, Yu, Wei-Che, Lee, Yean-Jang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 20.09.2001
• Subjects: 2-thiobarbituric acid; acetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde - toxicity; Animals; Antimutagenic Agents - pharmacology; Cadmium; cadmium chloride; Cadmium Chloride - toxicity; Cell Line; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Genotoxicity; glycyrrhizic acid; Glycyrrhizic Acid - pharmacology; Glycyrrhizin; Hprt; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase - genetics; Intracellular Membranes - drug effects; Intracellular Membranes - physiology; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects; malondialdehyde; Membrane Potentials - drug effects; Mitochondria - drug effects; Mitochondria - physiology; Mutagens - toxicity; Quercetin; Quercetin - pharmacology; Hprt; Glycyrrhizin; Cadmium; Quercetin; Genotoxicity
• ISSN: 1383-5718; 0027-5107; 1879-3592
• DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00214-5

Cadmium chloride at concentrations of 10–50 mM and acetaldehyde (AA) at 1–5 mM showed synergistic toxic effects on V79 cells in vitro. Furthermore, synergistic effects of these chemicals were also observed in mutagenicities of the Hprt gene within certain dose ranges (cadmium chloride 5–10 mM, and AA 1–2.5 mM). Moreover, lipid peroxide formation, malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, detected by 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction and the mitochondrial membrane potentials detected by rhodamine 123 uptake were significantly increased with the combined effect of cadmium and AA in V79. Thus, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity displayed by combination of these chemicals can be considered to be associated with oxidative stress. Further, these effects were efficiently reduced by quercetin and less efficiently with glycyrrhizin.