Electronic Helping Behavior: The Virtual Presence of Others Makes a Difference

• Published in: Basic and applied social psychology Vol. 27; no. 2; pp. 171 - 178
• Main Authors: Blair, Carrie A., Foster Thompson, Lori, Wuensch, Karl L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc 01.06.2005; Taylor & Francis; Psychology Press
• Subjects: Behavior; Biological and medical sciences; Cyberspace; Diffusion models; Electronic mail systems; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Helping behaviour; Perceived responsibility; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Social interactions. Communication. Group processes; Social psychology; Human; Boarding school; Helping behavior; Social interaction; Prosocial behavior; Virtual reality; Electronic mail; Interpersonal relation
• ISSN: 0197-3533; 1532-4834
• DOI: 10.1207/s15324834basp2702_8

Years of research have demonstrated that the physical presence of others can reduce the tendency to help individuals needing assistance. This study examined whether the diffusion of responsibility phenomenon extends beyond face-to-face environments and helps explain the lack of responsiveness often demonstrated by Internet users who receive e-mail requests sent to multiple people simultaneously. Participants were sent an e-mail message requesting assistance with an online library search task. Each person received the message along with an indication that 0, 1, 14, or 49 others were also contacted. The results demonstrated partial support for the study hypothesis. As expected, the virtual presence of many others significantly reduced e-mail responsiveness; however, nonresponse did not directly increase in proportion with group size.