Current status and future perspectives of EU ceramic breeder development

• Published in: Fusion engineering and design Vol. 164; p. 112171
• Main Authors: Leys, Oliver, Leys, Julia M., Knitter, Regina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.03.2021; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Ceramic breeder; Ceramics; HCBP; ITER TBM; Material properties; Material Property Handbook; Nuclear power plants; Production; Thermal stability; Thermomechanical properties; Tritium; HCBP; Material Property Handbook; Ceramic breeder; ITER TBM; Production
• ISSN: 0920-3796; 1873-7196
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.112171

•EU reference tritium breeding pebbles are produced using a melt-based process.•Process scale-up is underway to ensure the supply for ITER.•Biphasic materials show enhanced mechanical strength and stability.•Design relevant data were summarised in a material property handbook.•Crucial neutron irradiation experiments will complement the material qualification Biphasic ceramic pebbles, consisting of Li4SiO4 and Li2TiO3, are being developed as the EU reference tritium breeding material for ITER and DEMO. A modified melt-based process for the pebble fabrication was established and optimised with regard to the process stability and yield. In parallel, the properties of pebbles and pebble beds were evaluated in dedicated experiments. These include investigations into e.g. the long-term thermal stability of pebbles, the thermomechanical properties of pebble beds, as well as the compatibility between the ceramics and the structural material. The available data was recently summarised and issued as the Material Property Handbook on Advanced Ceramic Breeders. During the EU DEMO conceptual phase, two main issues are proposed to be pursued in view of ITER. Irradiation campaigns are planned to ensure that the advanced ceramic breeder material is adequately tested and an extensive process scale-up with an increased production rate is foreseen to secure the supply for the ITER test blanket modules.