Low molecular weight organic acids released from roots of durum wheat and flax into sterile nutrient solutions

• Published in: Journal of plant nutrition Vol. 20; no. 6; pp. 753 - 764
• Main Authors: Cieslinski, G. (Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture, Skierniewice, Poland.), Van Rees, K.C.J, Szmigielska, A.M, Huang, P.M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, NJ Taylor & Francis Group 01.01.1997; Taylor & Francis
• Subjects: ACIDE ORGANIQUE; ACIDOS ORGANICOS; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biochemistry and biology; Biological and medical sciences; Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties; CONTENIDO DE MATERIA SECA; EXSUDAT; EXUDADOS; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General agronomy. Plant production; Generalities; LINUM USITATISSIMUM; Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils; RACINE; RAICES; Soil science; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments; SOLUCIONES NUTRITIVAS; SOLUTION NUTRITIVE; TALLO; TENEUR EN MATIERE SECHE; TIGE; TRITICUM TURGIDUM; VARIEDADES; VARIETE; Monocotyledones; Exudate; Triticum durum; Nutrient solution; SOIL CHEMISTRY; Fiber crop; Cereal crop; Organic acids; Molecular weight; Linum usitatissimum; Controlled environment study; Linaceae; Gramineae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Qualitative analysis; Release; Organic compounds; Quantitative analysis; Root; Sterile; Organic analysis; Organic chemistry; Gas chromatography; Rhizosphere; Low; Soil biology; Spermatophyta; Exudation; Soil plant relation
• ISSN: 0190-4167; 1532-4087
• DOI: 10.1080/01904169709365291

Knowledge of the composition and quantity of organic substances released from roots of different plant species is necessary for understanding the chemical and biological processes in the rhizosphere. The present study was undertaken to quantify low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) released from roots of five cultivars/lines of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum L.): Kyle, Sceptre, DT618, DT627, and DT637 and four cultivars/lines of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.): Somme, Flanders, AC Emerson, and YSED 2. Plants were grown in sterile nutrient solution cultures and amounts of organic acids exuded by roots were analyzed by gas chromatography. The LMWOAs varied significantly among both durum wheat and flax cultivars and oxalic, malonic, fumaric, succinic, acetic, malic, citric and tartaric acids were detected in root exudates of both species. Generally, oxalic and acetic acids were predominant in durum wheat exudates and oxalic, acetic and malic acids were predominant in flax root exudates. High oxalic acid concentrations occurred in root exudates of durum wheat cultivars DT627 and DT637, and flax cultivar YSED 2. Compared with the other durum wheat cultivars, Kyle released the lowest total amount of LMWOAs, whereas among the flax cultivars, YSED 2 had the highest total amount of acids secreted from roots. The data showed that the release of LMWOAs from roots was cultivar dependent. The results provide valuable background information for studying the role of root exudates in soil-plant relationships