Effect of substructure on intergranular cavitation at high temperature
Though it is well recognized that intergranular cavitation at high stress locations on grain boundaries during creep is the cause for poor creep ductility the mechanism for the formation of the high stress locations is not understood. Two high purity coppers (99.9 and 99.99%) and Al-5Mg cylindrical...
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| Published in | Scripta metallurgica et materialia Vol. 31; no. 6; pp. 723 - 728 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Seoul
Elsevier B.V
15.09.1994
Oxford Pergamon Press New York, NY |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0956-716X |
| DOI | 10.1016/0956-716X(94)90217-8 |
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| Abstract | Though it is well recognized that intergranular cavitation at high stress locations on grain boundaries during creep is the cause for poor creep ductility the mechanism for the formation of the high stress locations is not understood. Two high purity coppers (99.9 and 99.99%) and Al-5Mg cylindrical creep specimens were tests to aid in developing a better understanding of this phenomenon. The copper specimens were tested in argon at 773K at either constant load or a strain rate of 8.3x10 exp -5 s exp -1 and the Al-5Mg samples were tested in air at constant stresses in the range 100 to 230 MPa at 523K. The data showed that microstructural features of 10 mu m or less can exert a large effect on the cavitation behavior. Also, the intersections of subgrain and grain boundaries are sites for cavity formation. |
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| AbstractList | Though it is well recognized that intergranular cavitation at high stress locations on grain boundaries during creep is the cause for poor creep ductility the mechanism for the formation of the high stress locations is not understood. Two high purity coppers (99.9 and 99.99%) and Al-5Mg cylindrical creep specimens were tests to aid in developing a better understanding of this phenomenon. The copper specimens were tested in argon at 773K at either constant load or a strain rate of 8.3x10 exp -5 s exp -1 and the Al-5Mg samples were tested in air at constant stresses in the range 100 to 230 MPa at 523K. The data showed that microstructural features of 10 mu m or less can exert a large effect on the cavitation behavior. Also, the intersections of subgrain and grain boundaries are sites for cavity formation. When loaded at high temperatures under either low strain rate or constant load conditions, metals and alloys often fail by the nucleation and growth of cavities at grain boundaries with limited ductility. It has now been accepted that vacancies can cluster at sites of high stress concentration at grain boundaries to form cavities, which would then grow under practical creep conditions to effect fracture. The ways that stress concentrations are generated at grain boundaries, however, have been the subject of much debate. This work investigates the effect of various microstructural variables, especially the substructure, on high temperature fracture behavior of single-phase metals. The materials used were copper of two different purities (99.9% and 99.99%) and an Al-5% Mg alloy. Both the annealed and subgrain-containing copper specimens were pulled to fracture at 773 K in purified argon, either at a strain rate of 8.3 [times] 10[sup [minus]5] s[sup [minus]1] or under a constant load corresponding to a nominal stress of 20 MPa. The Al-5% Mg specimens were crept in tension to fracture under constant stress conditions at 523 K (0.56 T[sub M]) in air. The creep stresses applied ranged from 100 to 230 MPa. After the tests, the fracture surfaces were examined by means of SEM. Longitudinal sections of the fractured specimens were also prepared, polished and etched with 0.5 ml HF/99.5 ml H[sub 2]O solution for 80 s, and then examined under an optical microscope. |
| Author | Lu, H.H. Lim, L.C. |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1007/BF00566255 10.1016/0036-9748(86)90117-1 10.1016/0036-9748(83)90060-1 10.1016/0036-9748(83)90065-0 10.1016/0001-6160(81)90023-7 10.1016/0001-6160(87)90114-3 10.1016/0001-6160(75)90047-4 10.1016/0036-9748(80)90360-9 10.1016/0001-6160(71)90105-2 10.1080/14786436008241221 10.1016/0025-5416(80)90113-5 |
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| Keywords | Aluminium base alloys Creep Ductility Stress strain relation Rupture Mechanical properties Substructure Experimental study Grain boundary Magnesium alloy Fracture surface Void Microstructure Binary alloy |
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| Snippet | Though it is well recognized that intergranular cavitation at high stress locations on grain boundaries during creep is the cause for poor creep ductility the... When loaded at high temperatures under either low strain rate or constant load conditions, metals and alloys often fail by the nucleation and growth of... |
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| SubjectTerms | 360102 - Metals & Alloys- Structure & Phase Studies 360103 - Metals & Alloys- Mechanical Properties ALLOYS ALUMINIUM ALLOYS ALUMINIUM BASE ALLOYS Applied sciences COPPER ELEMENTS Exact sciences and technology FRACTURE PROPERTIES Fractures MAGNESIUM ALLOYS MATERIALS SCIENCE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Mechanical properties and methods of testing. Rheology. Fracture mechanics. Tribology METALS Metals. Metallurgy MICROSTRUCTURE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE TRANSITION ELEMENTS |
| Title | Effect of substructure on intergranular cavitation at high temperature |
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