Lithium Metal Batteries Operating at Room Temperature Based on Different PEO-PVdF Separator Configurations

• Published in: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol. 151; no. 6; pp. A873 - A879
• Main Authors: Sannier, L., Bouchet, R., Santinacci, L., Grugeon, S., Tarascon, J.-M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Pennington, NJ Electrochemical Society 2004
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation; Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering; Electrical power engineering; Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells; Exact sciences and technology; Lithium battery; Ethylene oxide polymer; Performance evaluation; Polymeric membrane; Hexafluoropropylene copolymer; Polymer electrolytes; Vinylidene fluoride copolymer; Organic electrolyte storage battery; Colloid electrolyte; Battery separators; Secondary cell; Chemical composition
• ISSN: 0013-4651
• DOI: 10.1149/1.1710516

Gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) membranes based on two polymers, the polyethylene oxide (PEO) and a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), and a plasticizer, the dibutylphthalate (DBP), were elaborated in two ways. First, the polymers and the plasticizer were mixed together to obtain a single membrane. Second, a bilayer separator membrane was made by adjunction, through lamination, of a DBP plasticized PVdF-HFP film and a homemade DBP-PEO thin film. The physicochemical properties of the gels were analyzed. AC impedance spectroscopy was carried out on symmetric Li/GPE/Li cells using either the single layer or bilayer membrane as a function of aging (isothermal at 20 and 70DGC), temperature (-40 to 70DGC), and finally, galvanostatic cell polarization. Both GPE membranes exhibit high ionic conductivities, but the most spectacular result was the measured decrease in the interface resistance, indicative of a deep modification of the interface Li/GPE when the cells were polarized. Aside from having a good interface with the Li metal electrode, such membranes were also shown to form good interfaces with the cathode because assembled Li/GPE/Li4Ti5O12 flat cells were able to sustain, at room temperature, more than 80% of their initial capacity for more than 300 cycles.