Development of a water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsion system integrating biomimetic aqueous-core lipid nanodroplets for protein entity stabilization. Part II: process and product characterization

• Published in: Drug development and industrial pharmacy Vol. 42; no. 12; p. 1990
• Main Authors: Glasser, Cássia A, Vila, Marta M D C, Pereira, Júlio C, Chaud, Marco V, Oliveira Júnior, José M, Tubino, Matthieu, Balcão, Victor M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01.12.2016
• Subjects: Stokes–Einstein equation; protein entities; Aqueous-core lipid nanoballoons; infrared spectrophotometry with Fourier transform; structural and functional stabilization; water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsions; X-ray diffraction analysis; diffusion coefficient
• ISSN: 1520-5762
• DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1188109

The aqueous-core enclosed in lipid nanoballoons integrating multiple emulsions of the type water-in-oil-in-water mimic, at least in theory, the environment within viable cells, thus being suitable for housing hydrophilic protein entities such as bioactive proteins, peptides and bacteriophage particles. This study reports a complete physicochemical characterization of optimized biomimetic aqueous-core lipid nanoballoons housing hydrophilic (BSA) protein entities, evolved from a statistical 2 ×3 factorial design study (three variables at two levels and one variable at three levels) that was the subject of the first paper of a series of three, aiming at complete stabilization of the three-dimensional structure of protein entities attempted via housing the said molecular entities within biomimetic aqueous-core lipid nanoballoons integrating a multiple (W/O/W) emulsion. The statistical factorial design followed led to the production of an optimum W/O/W multiple emulsion possessing quite homogeneous particles with an average hydrodynamic size of (186.2 ± 2.6) nm and average Zeta potential of (-36.5 ± 0.9) mV, and exhibiting a polydispersity index of 0.206 ± 0.014. Additionally, the results obtained for the diffusion coefficient of the lipid nanoballoons integrating the optimized W/O/W multiple emulsion were comparable and of the same order of magnitude (10 m  s ) as those published by other authors since, typically, diffusion coefficients for molecules range from 10 to 10 m  s , but diffusion coefficients for nanoparticles are typically of the order of magnitude of 10 m  s .