Effects of Artemisia annua L. (Asteracea) on nutritional physiology and enzyme activities of elm leaf beetle, Xanthogaleruca luteola Mull. (Coleoptera: Chrysomellidae)

• Published in: Pesticide biochemistry and physiology Vol. 91; no. 1; pp. 66 - 74
• Main Authors: Shekari, Maryam, Sendi, Jalal Jalali, Etebari, Kayvan, Zibaee, Arash, Shadparvar, Abdolahad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Diego, CA Elsevier Inc 01.05.2008; Elsevier
• Subjects: abnormal development; alanine transaminase; alkaline phosphatase; alpha-amylase; Artemisia annua; Artemisia annua L; aspartate transaminase; Biological and medical sciences; Chrysomelidae; Coleoptera; Deterrency; enzyme activity; Fecundity; female reproductive system; Fertility; insect growth; insect pests; insecticidal properties; nutrition physiology; physiological response; phytotoxins; Plant extract; plant extracts; plant pests; Pyrrhalta luteola; Toxicity; toxicity testing; weeds; Xanthogaleruca luteola Mull; Iran; Toxicity; Fertility; Plant extract; Artemisia annua L; Xanthogaleruca luteola Mull; Fecundity; Deterrency; Chrysomelidae; Coleoptera; Insecta; Compositae; Tissue extract; Pest; Enzymatic activity; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Repellent; Physiology; Nutrition; Pesticides; Arthropoda; Xanthogaleruca luteola; Plant origin; Spermatophyta; Invertebrata
• ISSN: 0048-3575; 1095-9939
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2008.01.003

Methanolic extract of Artemisia annua L., a weed collected around paddy fields in north of Iran, was investigated for its toxic effects on: feeding, growth, fecundity, fertility including the biochemical characteristics of elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola Mull. The toxicity tests indicate that insecticidal effect was 2.4-fold higher in 3rd instar larvae than in adults. The LC 50 was 48% and 43.77% of a methanolic leaf extract at 24 and 48 h, respectively. The feeding deterrence was highest at 10% concentration and lowest at 0.625% for 3rd instar larvae and adults during the first 24 h and decreased thereafter. Larval duration significantly increased at higher concentrations. Larval treatment with 10% methanolic extract resulted in deformed adults (adultoids) with drastic changes in gross morphology of female reproductive system. Food digestion and assimilation significantly decreased in adults. Larval duration and adult fecundity and fertility were also significantly reduced. Twenty-four hours after treating 3rd instar larva with the extract the levels of glucose, protein, urea, uric acid, α-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase significantly changed. However, at 48 h the extract lost its potency. The extract did not effect the level of cholesterol in treated larva. These results indicate that Artemisia annua L. extract contains inhibitors of key metabolic pathways that may be useful in future control of the elm leaf beetle.