An overview on the progress and development on metals/non-metal catalyzed cyanation reactions

• Published in: Inorganica Chimica Acta Vol. 469; pp. 408 - 423
• Main Authors: Najam, Tayyaba, Shah, Syed Shoaib Ahmad, Mehmood, Khalid, Din, Ahmad Ud, Rizwan, Sabeena, Ashfaq, Muhammad, Shaheen, Salma, Waseem, Amir
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.01.2018; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Amides; Aromatic compounds; Catalysis; Chemical reactions; Chemical synthesis; Enantioselective cyanation; Esters; Halides; Hypervalent iodine; Imidazole; Iodine; Natural products; Nitriles; Nucleophilic/electrophilic cyanation; Organic chemicals; Organic chemistry; Palladium; Rhodium; Thiophenol; Nucleophilic/electrophilic cyanation; Hypervalent iodine; Enantioselective cyanation
• ISSN: 0020-1693; 1873-3255
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.09.058

[Display omitted] •Recent developments on cyanation reactions.•Metals/nonmetal-catalyzed cyanation.•Trends on effective, environmental benign processes.•Enantioselective, regioselectivity cyanation. This review is based on the analysis of recent developments on cyanation reactions for the synthesis of nitriles (RCN) through transition metal mediated cyanation reaction as well as by using non-metal like iodine (transition metal free system). In this regard, various catalyzed systems were reviewed to find the most efficient method having acceptable reaction system with surely less cost, mild conditions with easy handling. For the synthesis of nitriles; Copper, Palladium, Rhodium, and Iodine-based catalyzed systems have been explored for various aryl halides, arenes, pyridine, quinolone, imidazole, thiophenol, β-keto esters/amides, 2-arylbenzothiazoles etc. These reactions underwent with different time rates having the corresponding nitriles leading to natural products derivative in moderate to good yields.