Pro-inflammatory Responses in Chicken Spleen and Brain Tissues after Infection with Very Virulent Plus Marek's Disease Virus
In chickens infected with virulent (v) or very virulent (vv) Marek's disease (MD) virus (MDV) strains, small to moderate increases in plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels are seen, respectively, whereas very virulent plus (vv+) strains induce very high levels in vivo . The data presented in this rep...
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Published in | Viral immunology Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 148 - 161 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc
01.03.2005
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | In chickens infected with virulent (v) or very virulent (vv) Marek's disease (MD) virus (MDV) strains,
small to moderate increases in plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels are seen, respectively, whereas very
virulent plus (vv+) strains induce very high levels
in vivo
. The data presented in this report show
that chickens presenting with clinical neurological disease following infection with the vv+ RK-1
strain have significantly higher
in vivo
NO levels compared to RK-1-infected non-symptomatic chickens. Using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays, DNA was used to measure MDV copy numbers
in the spleen and brain of P2a (MD-susceptible) and N2a (MD-resistant) chickens following infection
with the JM-16 (v) or RK-1 (vv+) strains. RNA was used to measure inducible NO synthase
(iNOS), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 mRNA levels, in addition to
MDV-specific mRNA expression using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assays. Viral DNA loads
were found to be considerably higher in RK-1-infected chickens than JM-16-infected chickens at
most time points in both organs, with viral copy numbers being two to four logs lower in the brain.
Large increases in iNOS, IFN-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were seen in the brains of RK-1-infected
chickens. These data strongly support the hypothesis that pro-inflammatory responses, including
high levels of iNOS/NO, IFN-α, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the chicken brain,
may play a major role in the neurological diseases associated with vv+MDV strains. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 |
ISSN: | 0882-8245 1557-8976 |
DOI: | 10.1089/vim.2005.18.148 |