Peel Essential Oil Composition and Antibacterial Activities of Citrus x sinensis L. Osbeck ‘Tarocco’ and Citrus reticulata Blanco

Oranges and mandarins in Chongqing, China, are mostly processed for juice and their peels are wasted or landfilled. To add value, it is essential to utilize the peels and extract useful materials, such as citrus essential oils (CEOs). Here, we report the metabolome analysis of the peels of Citrus x...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inHorticulturae Vol. 8; no. 9; p. 793
Main Authors Zhang, Wenling, Liu, Dan, Fu, Xun, Xiong, Chunmei, Nie, Qingyu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.09.2022
Subjects
Alcohol
Alcohols
Antibacterial activity
blood orange
Chemical composition
citrus essential oil
Citrus fruits
Citrus reticulata
Citrus sinensis
Consumers
E coli
Essential oils
Fruits
Hydrocarbons
Limonene
mandarin peel
Mandarins
Metabolites
Ocimene
Oils & fats
peel extract
Phenols
Plant extracts
Terpenes
terpenoids
Vitamin C
Turkey
United States > US
China
Yangtze River
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

More Information
Summary:Oranges and mandarins in Chongqing, China, are mostly processed for juice and their peels are wasted or landfilled. To add value, it is essential to utilize the peels and extract useful materials, such as citrus essential oils (CEOs). Here, we report the metabolome analysis of the peels of Citrus x sinensis (CS) and Citrus reticulata (CR). In total, 793 metabolites were detected in the CS and CR peels, of which 242 were differentially accumulated. The metabolites were grouped into 12 compound classes. Terpenoids were the highest accumulated class of compounds followed by phenols and alcohols in both fruit peels. CR peels were rich in all types of compounds, whereas CS showed a relatively lower content of the detected compounds. The highest accumulated compounds were β-phellandrene, beta-ocimene, 1,3,6-octatriene,3,7-dimethyl, and d-limonene. Overall, CR showed higher compound diversity than CS. The CS and CR peel extracts showed antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. The peel extracts from CR and CS showed similar antibacterial effects against E. coli and B. subtilis, while CS peel extracts were more effective against S. aureus. Overall, our study concludes that both CS and CR peels should not be wasted owing to the CEOs and respective antibacterial activities.
ISSN:2311-7524
2311-7524
DOI:10.3390/horticulturae8090793