Encapsulation and release of a fluorescent probe, khusimyl dansylate, obtained from vetiver oil by complex coacervation

• Published in: Flavour and fragrance journal Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 7 - 15
• Main Authors: Prata, A.S, Menut, C, Leydet, A, Trigo, J.R, Grosso, C.R.F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2008; Wiley
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Chemical industry and chemicals; Chemical Sciences; complex coacervation; controlled release; encapsulation; Essential oils, perfumes; Exact sciences and technology; fluorescent probe; khusimyl dansylate; Organic chemistry; vetiver oil; Washing products. Cosmetics and toiletries. Perfumes; Encapsulation; Monocotyledones; khusimyl dansylate; Vetiveria zizanioides; Confocal microscopy; Flame ionization detector; Gum arabic; Derivatization; Surface structure; Scanning microscope; Gramineae; Gelatin; Sesquiterpenes; Angiospermae; Microparticle; Essential oil; Release; vetiver oil; Scanning electron microscopy; Coacervation; Controlled release form; complex coacervation; Gas chromatography; controlled release; fluorescent probe; Morphology; Spermatophyta; Fluorescent compound; Confocal laser scanning microscopy
• ISSN: 0882-5734; 1099-1026
• DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1845

The essential oil of vetiver [Vetiveria zizanoides (L.) Nash ex. Small] is widely used in the perfume industry, owing to its pleasant, long-lasting, woody aroma. If this substance can be encapsulated in microparticles so that its release can be controlled, the effective duration of its properties should be extended for a much longer period of time. The present study was thus designed to investigate the encapsulation of this vetiver essential oil in microparticles. Since the detection of the effective release of such a complex mixture from these microparticles into the receiving medium can be problematic, an identifiable probe can be released with it to facilitate evaluation of the progression of the release process. Zizanoic acid is one of the compounds found in vetiver oil which depreciates its sensorial quality. This acid was thus extracted and reduced to the corresponding alcohol, khusimol, which was combined with dansyl chloride to form a fluorescent ester, khusimyl dansylate (KD). The vetiver oil and the fluorescent probe were then encapsulated (100:1) in microparticles produced by the complex coacervation of gum Arabic and gelatin. The microparticles showed spherical shape, multinuclear distribution of the core material and high encapsulation efficiency (95%). Two versions of these microparticles, moist and freeze-dried ones, were tested for the release of the KD into an ethanol medium. The moist particles released the whole KD after 5 h, although only 80% of the fluorescent probe was released with the freeze-dried microparticles at that time, probably due to the constriction caused by freeze-drying. The release of the components of vetiver oil, under the same experimental conditions, was followed, in parallel, by gas chromatography and the results obtained were compared and discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.