Tissue specific oxidative stress profile in relation to glycaemic regulation in mice

• Published in: Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews Vol. 30; no. 1; pp. 31 - 41
• Main Authors: Modak, Manisha A., Parab, P. B., Ghaskadbi, Saroj S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2014; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - chemically induced; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; DNA Damage; Female; Free radicals; glycaemic regulation; hyperglycaemia; Hyperglycemia - physiopathology; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - physiology; oxidative stress markers; oxidative stress profile; Protein Carbonylation - physiology; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Rodents; Streptozocin; hyperglycaemia; oxidative stress markers; oxidative stress profile; glycaemic regulation; diabetes
• ISSN: 1520-7552; 1520-7560
• DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2460

Background Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from uncontrolled glucose regulation. Reactive oxygen species are recognized as one link between hyperglycaemia and diabetic complications. Studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is associated with decreases in antioxidant potential and increased formation of free radicals leading to oxidative stress. The present study was undertaken because an unequivocal demonstration that control of hyperglycaemia can reduce oxidative stress is still lacking. Methods In the present study, we investigated oxidative stress profile of normal, streptozotocin‐induced diabetic, insulin‐treated and untreated diabetic animals. On the one hand, oxidative damage caused to lipids, proteins and DNA was measured. On other hand, antioxidant defense was measured in terms of specific activities of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) and antioxidant molecules. Results It was observed that the damage to lipids, proteins and DNA caused by free radicals increased in diabetic animals compared with that in controls. In diabetic animals not treated with insulin, damage to all biological molecules increased further significantly (p ≤ 0.005). Changes in AOEs from different tissues were complex depicting a varied AOE level in different tissues. Insulin treatment significantly improved the oxidative stress profile in all tissues studies. Conclusions The control of hyperglycaemia improves oxidative stress profile, that is, the ability of cells to cope up with oxidative stress. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.