European interdisciplinary guideline on invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: Part 2. Treatment

• Published in: European journal of cancer (1990) Vol. 128; pp. 83 - 102
• Main Authors: Stratigos, Alexander J., Garbe, Claus, Dessinioti, Clio, Lebbe, Celeste, Bataille, Veronique, Bastholt, Lars, Dreno, Brigitte, Concetta Fargnoli, Maria, Forsea, Ana M., Frenard, Cecille, Harwood, Catherine A., Hauschild, Axel, Hoeller, Christoph, Kandolf-Sekulovic, Lidija, Kaufmann, Roland, Kelleners-Smeets, Nicole W.J., Malvehy, Josep, del Marmol, Veronique, Middleton, Mark R., Moreno-Ramirez, David, Pellecani, Giovanni, Peris, Ketty, Saiag, Philippe, van den Beuken-van Everdingen, Marieke H.J., Vieira, Ricardo, Zalaudek, Iris, Eggermont, Alexander M.M., Grob, Jean-Jacques
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2020; Elsevier
• Subjects: Anti-PD-1 antibody; Cancer; Cemiplimab; Chemotherapy; Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; EGFR inhibitors; Follow-up; Life Sciences; Locally advanced; Metastatic; Radiotherapy; Surgical excision; Treatment; Surgical excision; Chemotherapy; Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; Treatment; Anti-PD-1 antibody; Cemiplimab; Metastatic; EGFR inhibitors; Radiotherapy; Locally advanced; Follow-up
• ISSN: 0959-8049; 1879-0852
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.008

In order to update recommendations on treatment, supportive care, education and follow-up of patients with invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), a multidisciplinary panel of experts from the European Dermatology Forum, the European Association of Dermato-Oncology and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer was formed. Recommendations were based on evidence-based literature review, guidelines and expert consensus. Treatment recommendations are presented for common primary cSCC (low risk, high risk), locally advanced cSCC, regional metastatic cSCC (operable or inoperable) and distant metastatic cSCC. For common primary cSCC (the most frequent cSCC type), first-line treatment is surgical excision with postoperative margin assessment or microscopically controlled sugery. Safety margins containing clinical normal-appearing tissue around the tumour during surgical excision and negative margins as reported in the pathology report are necessary to minimise the risk of local recurrence and metastasis. In case of positive margins, a re-excision shall be done, for operable cases. Lymph node dissection is recommended for cSCC with cytologically or histologically confirmed regional nodal involvement. Radiotherapy should be considered as curative treatment for inoperable cSCC, or for non-surgical candidates. Anti-PD-1 antibodies are the first-line systemic treatment for patients with metastatic or locally advanced cSCC who are not candidates for curative surgery or radiation, with cemiplimab being the first approved systemic agent for advanced cSCC by the Food and Drug Administration/European Medicines Agency. Second-line systemic treatments for advanced cSCC include epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (cetuximab) combined with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Multidisciplinary board decisions are mandatory for all patients with advanced disease who require more than surgery. Patients should be engaged with informed decisions on management and be provided with best supportive care to optimise symptom management and improve quality of life. Frequency of follow-up visits and investigations for subsequent new cSCC depend on underlying risk characteristics. •Surgical excision with negative margins is an important goal whenever feasible.•Radiotherapy is indicated for inoperable cSCC or patients not suitable for surgical intervention.•Multidisciplinary board decisions are necessary in the management of patients with advanced disease.•Anti-PD-1 antibody therapy is first-line systemic treatment for locally advanced or mcSCC.•Follow-up evaluations depend on underlying risk characteristics.