Contact Zone: French Practice with Low F/M Bulking Control
A study of twelve wastewater treatment plants in France confirms the effectiveness of the contact zone technique in controlling sludge bulking (with a reduction in the Sludge Volume Index in 91% of cases) and foaming (improvement of the situation in 75% of the cases). The study focused on low-F/M ac...
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Published in | Water Science & Technology Vol. 29; no. 7; pp. 221 - 228 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Language | English |
Published |
London
IWA Publishing
01.01.1994
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | A study of twelve wastewater treatment plants in France confirms the effectiveness of the contact zone technique in controlling sludge bulking (with a reduction in the Sludge Volume Index in 91% of cases) and foaming (improvement of the situation in 75% of the cases). The study focused on low-F/M activated sludge units in which organisms such as Microthrix p. or type 0041 (characteristic of these plants) were identified. Contact zones do not entail any major limitations, a fact which advocates their use in this type of treatment facility. Rational operation of the plant (in terms of aeration and sludge production) and compliance with a few simple rules will ensure effective use of this technology. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 SourceType-Books-1 ObjectType-Book-1 content type line 25 ObjectType-Conference-2 SourceType-Conference Papers & Proceedings-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-2 SourceType-Conference Papers & Proceedings-1 ObjectType-Conference-3 |
ISSN: | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
DOI: | 10.2166/wst.1994.0345 |