Impurity analysis of 1,4-dioxane in nonionic surfactants and cosmetics using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
1,4-Dioxane impurity in nonionic surfactants and cosmetics were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Experimental results show that there is no significant difference using SPME–GC and SPME–GC–MS for...
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Published in | Journal of Chromatography A Vol. 1071; no. 1; pp. 141 - 145 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Language | English |
Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
15.04.2005
Elsevier |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | 1,4-Dioxane impurity in nonionic surfactants and cosmetics were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Experimental results show that there is no significant difference using SPME–GC and SPME–GC–MS for analysis of 1,4-dioxane in three types of nonionic surfactants at the 95% confidence level. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) values of each analytical method were smaller than 3%. The amount of 1,4-dioxane was found to vary from 11.6
±
0.3
ppm to 73.5
±
0.5
ppm in 30% of nonionic surfactants from manufacturers in Taiwan. These methods were linear over the studied range of 3–150
ppm with correlation coefficients higher than 0.995. The recoveries of 1,4-dioxane for these nonionic surfactants following SPME were all higher than 96
±
1% (
n
=
3). The detection limits of 1,4-dioxane for these nonionic surfactants following SPME were from 0.06
ppm to 0.51
ppm. The experimentally determined level of 1,4-dioxane in cosmetics from manufacturers in Taiwan varied from 4.2
±
0.1
ppm to 41.1
±
0.6
ppm in 22% of daily used cosmetics following SPME coupled with GC and GC–MS. Conventional solvent extraction takes around 1
h for extraction and reconcentration but SPME takes only around 10
min. SPME provides better analyses of 1,4-dioxane in nonionic surfactants and cosmetics than conventional solvent extraction and head space pretreatments in term of simplicity, speed, precision, detection limit, and solvent consumption. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0021-9673 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.09.012 |