Long-Term Observation After Simultaneous Lung and Intra–Bone Marrow–Bone Marrow Transplantation

• Published in: The Journal of heart and lung transplantation Vol. 24; no. 9; pp. 1415 - 1423
• Main Authors: Kaneda, Hiroyuki, Adachi, Yasushi, Saito, Yukihito, Ikebukuro, Kazuya, Machida, Hirohisa, Suzuki, Yasuhiro, Minamino, Keizo, Zhang, Yuming, Iwasaki, Masayoshi, Nakano, Keiji, Koike, Yasushi, Wang, Jianfeng, Imamura, Hiroji, Ikehara, Susumu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.09.2005; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Bone Marrow Transplantation - immunology; Bone Marrow Transplantation - methods; Graft Rejection - immunology; Graft Rejection - prevention & control; Graft vs Host Disease - immunology; Graft vs Host Disease - prevention & control; Lung - physiology; Lung Transplantation - immunology; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; Medical sciences; Rats; Rats, Inbred ACI; Rats, Inbred Lew; Spleen - cytology; Spleen - immunology; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Surgery of the heart; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Transplantation Chimera; Transplantation Conditioning; Transplantation, Heterologous; Heart; Treatment; Surgery; Lung; Concurrent; Observation; Bone marrow transplantation; Cardiovascular disease; Long term
• ISSN: 1053-2498; 1557-3117
• DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2004.08.015

Although lung transplantation is now an established treatment for end-stage lung diseases, allogeneic transplantation of parenchymal organs requires immunosuppressive therapy to prevent rejection. It has been reported that bone marrow transplantation (BMT) induces specific tolerance to donor organs. We have recently discovered a new method for BMT, which is called intra–bone marrow (IBM) BMT, in which bone marrow cells (BMCs) are injected directly into the bone marrow cavity. We demonstrate that IBM-BMT can be used to induce tolerance even in simultaneous lung transplantations in rats without administering any immunosuppressants. Allogeneic lung transplantation was carried out from Brown Norway to Lewis rats. Simultaneously, IBM-BMT was carried out. Transplantation of nonirradiated lung or nontreated BMCs (T cell–containing BMCs) induced graft vs host disease. Therefore, the donor lung was irradiated, and T cells in the BMCs were depleted by anti-CD4, anti-CD5, and anti-CD8 antibodies plus anti-mouse antibody–coated magnetic beads. Lung allografts with conventional (intravenous) BMT failed to induce tolerance. However, the recipients treated with lung allografts plus IBM-BMT, which showed either mixed chimerism or full chimerism of hematopoietic cells, did not show symptoms of graft rejection or graft vs host disease, even without the use of immunosuppressants. These results suggest that simultaneous lung transplantation and IBM-BMT (but not conventional BMT) is effective in inducing persistent tolerance without the use of immunosuppressants.