Inflammatory Biomarkers, Microbiome, Depression, and Executive Dysfunction in Alcohol Users

Alcohol-related disorders (ARD) are highly prevalent among Latin American-Caribbean countries. Mental disorders are common comorbidities in individuals with ARD. However, the etiology of the association between ARD and mental disorders remains unclear. We examined the association of inflammatory cyt...

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Published inInternational journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 17; no. 3; p. 689
Main Authors Rodríguez-Rabassa, Mary, López, Pablo, Sánchez, Raphael, Hernández, Cyanela, Rodríguez, Cesarly, Rodríguez-Santiago, Ronald E, Orengo, Juan C, Green, Vivian, Yamamura, Yasuhiro, Rivera-Amill, Vanessa
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI 21.01.2020
Subjects
Adult
Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects
Alcohol-Related Disorders
Biomarkers - analysis
Depression - epidemiology
Dysbiosis - physiopathology
Executive Function
Female
Humans
Immune System - physiopathology
Inflammation - epidemiology
Male
Mental Disorders - epidemiology
Microbiota
Middle Aged
Saliva - chemistry
Young Adult
alcohol
executive dysfunction
cytokines
depression
microbiome
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Summary:Alcohol-related disorders (ARD) are highly prevalent among Latin American-Caribbean countries. Mental disorders are common comorbidities in individuals with ARD. However, the etiology of the association between ARD and mental disorders remains unclear. We examined the association of inflammatory cytokines, microbiome, and other biomakers with measures of depression, social anxiety, and executive functions. We observed a significant increase in cytokine and chemokine expression levels in saliva and plasma in the alcohol group (AG) samples. Also, the salivary bacterial composition in the AG revealed an abundance of . Depression symptomatology was markedly higher in the AG, but social anxiety levels were negligible. AG also exhibited executive dysfunctions, which negatively correlated with increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased salivary concentrations of bacteria. Our study suggests that chronic alcohol use correlates with executive dysfunction, immune system dysregulation, and dysbiosis of the salivary microbiota. Additional studies are needed to understand the role of the microbiome and inflammation in alcohol use and mental comorbidities.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph17030689